linux shell 取整数,如何在Shell中判断一个变量是否为整数

方法一：使用字符串过滤出非0到9之间的字符。

[root@managevm1 ~]# a=123

[root@managevm1 ~]# echo $a | grep "[^0-9]" && echo "a isn't an integer" \

|| echo "a is an integer"

a is an integer

[root@managevm1 ~]# a=123.4

[root@managevm1 ~]# echo $a | grep "[^0-9]" && echo "a isn't an integer" \

|| echo "a is an integer"

a isn't an integer

也可以写为

[root@managevm1 ~]# echo $a | grep -v "[0-9]*" && echo "a isn't an integer"\

|| echo "a is an integer"

方法二：使用条件判断，$a中0到9出现一次以上，且不包含其他字符。

[root@managevm1 ~]# a=123

[root@managevm1 ~]# if [[ $a=~ ^[0-9]\{1,\}$ ]]; then echo "a is an integer;"\

else echo "a is not an integer"; fi

a is an integer

[root@managevm1 ~]# a=123.4

[root@managevm1 ~]# if [[ $a=~ ^[0-9]\{1,\}$ ]]; then echo "a is an integer;"\

else echo "a is not an integer"; fi

a is not an integer

这个命令也可以简单写成

[root@managevm1 ~]# [[ $a=~ ^[0-9]*$ ]] && echo "a is an integer" || \

echo "a is not an integer"

方法三：awk过滤

[root@managevm1 ~]# echo $a|awk '/^[0-9]*$/{print "a is an integer"}'

a is an integer

或写成

[root@managevm1 ~]# echo $a|awk '{if ($1~/^[0-9]*$/) print "a is an integer"}'

a is an integer

方法四:使用命令bc来计算，因为shell不支持浮点预算，非整数a的值除1后会得到整数部分与原值不符合

注意这里使用 == 是做字符串的比较非数值比较。数值比较用 -eq ， 不支持浮点。

[root@managevm1 ~]# a=123

[root@managevm1 ~]# [ $(echo $a/1|bc) == "$a" ] && echo "It's an integer" \

|| echo "It's not an integer"

It's an integer

[root@managevm1 ~]# a=123.4

[root@managevm1 ~]# [ $(echo $a/1|bc) == "$a" ] && echo "It's an integer" \

|| echo "It's not an integer"

It's not an integer

方法五：利用test下不支持浮点数比较的特性，通过命令的返回状态来判断。

[root@managevm1 ~]# a=123

[root@managevm1 ~]# [ $a -ge 0 ] 2>/dev/null && echo "A is an integer"|| \

echo "a is NOT an integer"

A is an integer

[root@managevm1 ~]# a=123.4

[root@managevm1 ~]# [ $a -ge 0 ] 2>/dev/null && echo "A is an integer"|| \

echo "a is NOT an integer"

a is NOT an integer