python全局变量含义_Python函数全局变量？

在Python范围内，对未在该范围内声明的变量的任何赋值都会创建一个新的局部变量，除非该函数在函数中先前声明为引用具有关键字create_locally的全局范围变量。

让我们看一下你的伪代码的修改版本，看看会发生什么：

# Here, we're creating a variable 'x', in the __main__ scope.

x = 'None!'

def func_A():

# The below declaration lets the function know that we

# mean the global 'x' when we refer to that variable, not

# any local one

global x

x = 'A'

return x

def func_B():

# Here, we are somewhat mislead. We're actually involving two different

# variables named 'x'. One is local to func_B, the other is global.

# By calling func_A(), we do two things: we're reassigning the value

# of the GLOBAL x as part of func_A, and then taking that same value

# since it's returned by func_A, and assigning it to a LOCAL variable

# named 'x'.

x = func_A() # look at this as: x_local = func_A()

# Here, we're assigning the value of 'B' to the LOCAL x.

x = 'B' # look at this as: x_local = 'B'

return x # look at this as: return x_local

事实上，您可以使用名为access_only的变量重写所有create_locally，它的工作方式相同。

该命令仅对您的函数执行更改全局x值的操作的顺序很重要。 因此，在我们的示例中，顺序无关紧要，因为create_locally调用access_only.在此示例中，顺序确实很重要：

def a():

global foo

foo = 'A'

def b():

global foo

foo = 'B'

b()

a()

print foo

# prints 'A' because a() was the last function to modify 'foo'.

请注意，仅需要create_locally来修改全局对象。 您仍然可以在函数内访问它们，而无需声明access_only。因此，我们有：

x = 5

def access_only():

return x

# This returns whatever the global value of 'x' is

def modify():

global x

x = 'modified'

return x

# This function makes the global 'x' equal to 'modified', and then returns that value

def create_locally():

x = 'local!'

return x

# This function creates a new local variable named 'x', and sets it as 'local',

# and returns that. The global 'x' is untouched.

请注意create_locally和access_only - access_only之间的区别是访问全局x，尽管没有调用global，即使create_locally也没有使用global，它会创建一个本地副本，因为它正在分配一个值。

这里的混乱是你不应该使用全局变量的原因。