B站尚硅谷最新版SpringCloud 学习笔记（6）-Hystrix断路器

B站尚硅谷最新版SpringCloud 学习笔记（6）-Hystrix断路器

B站视频：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV18E411x7eT

上一篇：B站尚硅谷最新版SpringCloud 学习笔记（5）-Ribbon负载均衡和OpenFeign服务接口调用

一、概述

1.分布式系统面临的问题

2.是什么

3.作用

①服务降级

服务器忙，请稍候再试，不让客户端等待并立刻返回一个友好提示，fallback

哪些情况会触发降级

• 程序运行异常
• 超时
• 服务熔断触发服务降级
• 线程池/信号量打满也会导致服务降级

②服务熔断

类比保险丝达到最大服务访问后，直接拒绝访问，拉闸限电，然后调用服务降级的方法并返回友好提示

服务的降级->进而熔断->恢复调用链路

③服务限流

秒杀高并发等操作，严禁一窝蜂的过来拥挤，大家排队，一秒钟N个，有序进行

二、hystrix案例

1.构建提供者

①新建cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001

②修改POM，添加application.yml，添加启动类

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>mycloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.yezhinao</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <!--新增hystrix-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>


        <!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.yezhinao</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-hystrix-payment
#    eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 2000

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
      #      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka  #集群版
  instance:
    instance-id: hystrix-payment8001 #主机名称：服务名称修改
    prefer-ip-address: true #访问信息有ip信息提示
#  server:
#    enable-self-preservation: false

启动类

@SpringBootApplicati