stream之List转Map---Collectors.toMap()介绍

Collectors.toMap 有三个重载方法：

toMap(Function<? super T, ? extends K> keyMapper, Function<? super T, ? extends U> valueMapper);
toMap(Function<? super T, ? extends K> keyMapper, Function<? super T, ? extends U> valueMapper,
BinaryOperator mergeFunction);
toMap(Function<? super T, ? extends K> keyMapper, Function<? super T, ? extends U> valueMapper,
BinaryOperator mergeFunction, Supplier mapSupplier);

参数含义分别是：

• keyMapper：Key 的映射函数
• valueMapper：Value 的映射函数
• mergeFunction：当 Key 冲突时，调用的合并方法
• mapSupplier：Map 构造器，在需要返回特定的 Map 时使用

不使用mergeFunction时，如果Key冲突，会抛出java.lang.IllegalStateException，所以有必要定义下key冲突时的合并方法。

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: Duplicate key r2
	at java.util.stream.Collectors.lambda$throwingMerger$0(Collectors.java:133)
	at java.util.HashMap.merge(HashMap.java:1254)
	at java.util.stream.Collectors.lambda$toMap$58(Collectors.java:1320)
	at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$3ReducingSink.accept(ReduceOps.java:169)
	at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:175)
	at java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1384)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:482)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:472)
	at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(ReduceOps.java:708)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
	at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499)
	at com.midu.sjyy.api.utils.SyncUtil.main(SyncUtil.java:7709)

例子：

 public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<IContentCommonNet> iContentCommonNetList = new ArrayList();
        
        IContentCommonNet iContentCommonNet= new IContentCommonNet();
        iContentCommonNet.setReferenceKeyword("r1");
        iContentCommonNet.setId("1");
        iContentCommonNetList.add(iContentCommonNet);
        
        IContentCommonNet iContentCommonNet2= new IContentCommonNet();
        iContentCommonNet2.setReferenceKeyword("r2");
        iContentCommonNet2.setId("2");
        iContentCommonNetList.add(iContentCommonNet2);
        
        IContentCommonNet iContentCommonNet3= new IContentCommonNet();
        iContentCommonNet3.setReferenceKeyword("r3");
        iContentCommonNet3.setId("2");
       
       //key冲突时会抛出异常
         Map<String, String> map =iContentCommonNetList.stream()
                .filter(icc -> icc.getReferenceKeyword() != null).
                        collect(Collectors.toMap(IContentCommonNet::getId, 
                        IContentCommonNet::getReferenceKeyword));
         
         //key冲突时不会抛出异常 因为指定了合并规则 
         //mergeFunction ： (oldValue,newValue)->newValue) 当然也可以写别的
        Map<String, String> map =iContentCommonNetList.stream()
                .filter(icc -> icc.getReferenceKeyword() != null).
                        collect(Collectors.toMap(IContentCommonNet::getId, 
                        IContentCommonNet::getReferenceKeyword,
                         (oldValue,newValue)->newValue));
         

如果不指定冲突后的合并方法(oldValue,newValue)->newValue，key不冲突的时候就正常转Map ，冲突了就会抛出异常。