java中string里的复制_java中的深层复制和浅层复制

发表于 2012-10-12 02:03:48 by 月小升

浅层复制的时候，一个对象仅仅在引用另外一个对象。属性没被clone。而深层复制将属性也一并clone.

Java对象的浅层复制是指Java对象A本身被clone成新对象B,但A的属性没有被clone处理，只是把A的各个属性所指的对象赋值到B对应的属性上，A与B的相同属性都引用到同一个对象。

Java对象的深层复制是指Java对象A本身被clone成新对象B，同时A的属性也是被clone成新对象，赋值到A的各个属性上去，A与B的相同属性都引用到不同的对象；

先看一个浅层复制基本的例子

package com.javaer.examples;

import java.util.Date;

/**

* java浅层复制的特点

*

* @author mc2

*

*/

public class ShallowCopy {

private String name;

private int age;

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

/**

* @param args

*/

public static void main(String[] args) {

ShallowCopy a = new ShallowCopy();

a.setName("yuexiaosheng");

a.setAge(30);

System.out.println("a name:" + a.getName());

System.out.println("a age:" + a.getAge());

ShallowCopy b = new ShallowCopy();

b.setName(a.getName());

b.setAge(a.getAge());

System.out.println("b name:" + b.getName());

System.out.println("b age:" + b.getAge());

b.setAge(40);

System.out.println("b name:" + b.getName());

System.out.println("b age:" + b.getAge());

System.out.println("a name:" + a.getName());

System.out.println("a age:" + a.getAge());

}

}

B的改变，不会对A造成任何影响。

如果Java对象的属性都是只读类的话，如原始数据类型、数据封装类、String、BigDecimal、BigInteger等，那么浅层复制与深层复制达到的效果是一样的。如果属性有Date或其他自定的数据类，那么线层复制，B的修改可能导致A的改变。数据就串了。

package com.javaer.examples;

import java.util.Date;

/**

* java浅层复制的特点

*

* @author mc2

*

*/

public class ShallowCopy implements Cloneable {

private String name;

private int age;

private Date brith;

public ShallowCopy clone(){

try {

return (ShallowCopy)super.clone();

} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

public Date getBrith() {

return brith;

}

public void setBrith(Date brith) {

this.brith = brith;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

/**

* @param args

* @throws CloneNotSupportedException

*/

public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {

ShallowCopy a = new ShallowCopy();

a.setName("yuexiaosheng");

a.setAge(30);

a.setBrith(new Date());

System.out.println("a name:" + a.getName());

System.out.println("a age:" + a.getAge());

System.out.println("a brith:" + a.getBrith());

System.out.println("---------------------------------------" );

ShallowCopy b = new ShallowCopy();

b.setName(a.getName());

b.setAge(a.getAge());

b.setBrith(a.getBrith());

//ShallowCopy b = (ShallowCopy) a.clone();

System.out.println("b name:" + b.getName());

System.out.println("b age:" + b.getAge());

System.out.println("b brith:" + b.getBrith());

System.out.println("---------------------------------------" );

b.setAge(40);

//b.setBrith(new Date(100000L));

b.getBrith().setTime(100000L);

System.out.println("b name:" + b.getName());

System.out.println("b age:" + b.getAge());

System.out.println("b brith:" + b.getBrith());

System.out.println("---------------------------------------" );

System.out.println("a name:" + a.getName());

System.out.println("a age:" + a.getAge());

System.out.println("a brith:" + a.getBrith());

System.out.println("---------------------------------------" );

}

}

上面的例子，当使用b.setBrith(new Date(100000L)); 不会对A发生改变。但是如果b.getBrith().setTime(100000L);这样就会改变A

上面例子实现浅层复制办法有两个

1.ShallowCopy b = new ShallowCopy();

b.setName(a.getName());

b.setAge(a.getAge());

b.setBrith(a.getBrith());

2.ShallowCopy b = (ShallowCopy) a.clone();

那么如何实现深层复制？

将clone函数修改如下。

public ShallowCopy clone(){

ShallowCopy T = null;

try {

T = (ShallowCopy)super.clone();

T.brith = (Date)T.brith.clone();

} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return T;

}

核心是增加了一个句话来clone属性

T.brith = (Date)T.brith.clone();

String[] ary1 = Arrays.copyOf(ary, ary.length);

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