Hive窗口函数NTILE,ROW_NUMBER,RANK,DENSE_RANK

Hive窗口函数NTILE,ROW_NUMBER,RANK,DENSE_RANK

• 数据准备

  cookie1,2018-04-10,1
  cookie1,2018-04-11,5
  cookie1,2018-04-12,7
  cookie1,2018-04-13,3
  cookie1,2018-04-14,2
  cookie1,2018-04-15,4
  cookie1,2018-04-16,4
  cookie2,2018-04-10,2
  cookie2,2018-04-11,3
  cookie2,2018-04-12,5
  cookie2,2018-04-13,6
  cookie2,2018-04-14,3
  cookie2,2018-04-15,9
  cookie2,2018-04-16,7
   
  CREATE TABLE itcast_t2 (
  cookieid string,
  createtime string,   --day 
  pv INT
  ) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED 
  FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' 
  stored as textfile;
    
  加载数据：
  load data local inpath '/root/hivedata/itcast_t2.dat' into table itcast_t2;
  

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• NTILE

  背景：

  有时会有这样的需求:如果数据排序后分为三部分，业务人员只关心其中的一部分，如何将这中间的三分之一数据拿出来呢?NTILE函数即可以满足。
  

  ntile可以看成是：把有序的数据集合平均分配到指定的数量（num）个桶中, 将桶号分配给每一行。
  如果不能平均分配，则优先分配较小编号的桶，并且各个桶中能放的行数最多相差1。
  语法是：ntile (num)  over ([partition_clause]  order_by_clause)  as xxx
  然后可以根据桶号，选取前或后 n分之几的数据。
  数据会完整展示出来，只是给相应的数据打标签；具体要取几分之几的数据，需要再嵌套一层根据标签取出。
  NTILE不支持ROWS BETWEEN，比如 NTILE(2) OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY createtime ROWS BETWEEN 3 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW)
  

  SELECT 
  cookieid,
  createtime,
  pv,
  NTILE(2) OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY createtime) AS rn1,
  NTILE(3) OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY createtime) AS rn2,
  NTILE(4) OVER(ORDER BY createtime) AS rn3
  FROM itcast_t2 
  ORDER BY cookieid,createtime;
  

  比如，统计一个cookie，pv数最多的前1/3的天

  SELECT 
  cookieid,
  createtime,
  pv,
  NTILE(3) OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY pv DESC) AS rn 
  FROM itcast_t2;
   
  其中rn = 1 的记录，就是我们想要的结果
  

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• ROW_NUMBER

  ROW_NUMBER() 从1开始，按照顺序，生成分组内记录的序列

  SELECT 
  cookieid,
  createtime,
  pv,
  ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY pv desc) AS rn 
  FROM itcast_t2;
  

• RANK 和 DENSE_RANK

  RANK() 生成数据项在分组中的排名，排名相等会在名次中留下空位
  DENSE_RANK() 生成数据项在分组中的排名，排名相等会在名次中不会留下空位—正常思维

  SELECT 
  cookieid,
  createtime,
  pv,
  RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY pv desc) AS rn1,
  DENSE_RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY pv desc) AS rn2,
  ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY pv DESC) AS rn3 
  FROM itcast_t2 
  WHERE cookieid = 'cookie1';
  
  select cookieid,
  createtime,
  pv,
  rank() over(partition by cookieid order by pv desc) as rn2, //1 2 3 3 5
  row_number() over(partition by cookieid order by pv desc) as rn3,
  dense_rank() over(partition by cookieid order by pv desc) as rn4 from itcast_t2;//1 2 3 3 4 5