在安装mysql 5.7的时候,安装成功了,但是无法启动,出现了报错:
systemctl start mysqld.service
Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
查看日志 cat /var/log/mysqld.log 看到错误:[ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
cat /var/log/mysqld.log
mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
2021-04-27T08:55:46.468329Z 0 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
2021-04-27T08:55:46.468825Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2021-04-27T08:55:46.470106Z 0 [Note] Found ca.pem, server-cert.pem and server-key.pem in data directory. Trying to enable SSL support using them.
2021-04-27T08:55:46.470119Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of SSL certificates as certificate files are present in data directory.
2021-04-27T08:55:46.471231Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2021-04-27T08:55:46.471281Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of RSA key pair as key files are present in data directory.
2021-04-27T08:55:46.472264Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306
2021-04-27T08:55:46.472311Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2021-04-27T08:55:46.472322Z 0 [Note] - '::' resolves to '::';
2021-04-27T08:55:46.472345Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2021-04-27T08:55:46.472543Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /var/lib/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
2021-04-27T08:55:46.472624Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 210427 16:55:46
2021-04-27T08:55:46.476676Z 0 [Warning] Failed to open optimizer cost constant tables
2021-04-27T08:55:46.476791Z 0 [ERROR] Fatal error: Can't open and lock privilege tables: Table 'mysql.user' doesn't exist
2021-04-27T08:55:46.476806Z 0 [ERROR] Fatal error: Failed to initialize ACL/grant/time zones structures or failed to remove temporary table files.
2021-04-27T08:55:46.476836Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting
我用的是阿里云服务器,出现了这个问题,另一台其它厂商的云服务器安装 mysql 没有报错。花了六个小时终于解决问题。从上面报错可以看出,Mysql初始化出了问题。执行以下命令:
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql
systemctl restart mysqld
systemctl status mysqld
这次竟然没有报错,问题解决了,Mysql顺利启动。
MySQL第一次启动后会创建超级管理员账号root@localhost
,初始密码存储在日志文件中
sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
然后就可以使用初始密码登录MySQL,进行修改密码操作。
mysql -uroot -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
如果密码太简单,会报错:ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements。解决方法如下:
- 使用复杂密码,MySQL默认的密码策略是要包含数字、字母及特殊字符;
- 如果只是测试用,不想用那么复杂的密码,可以修改默认策略,即
validate_password_policy
(以及validate_password_length
等相关参数),使其支持简单密码的设定,具体方法可以自行百度;- 修改配置文件
/etc/my.cnf
,添加validate_password=OFF
,保存并重启MySQL
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
密码改好后,执行 sudo systemctl restart mysqld 重启MySQL。
最后使用Navicat远程连接 MySQL的时候出现了报错:1130, "Host 'xxxx' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server",
参考这篇博客解决了问题https://blog.csdn.net/h985161183/article/details/82218710
安装MySQL方法参考资料:https://juejin.cn/post/6844903870053761037