python入门学习(第3天)

Python入门(上)----从变量到异常处理学习补充（第3天）

来源于 阿里云天池Python训练营，特此记录，以便日后复习

循环语句 ---- 推导式

1.列表推导式

[ expr for value in collection [if condition] ]
【例子】

x = [-4, -2, 0, 2, 4]
y = [a * 2 for a in x]
print(y)
# [-8, -4, 0, 4, 8]

x = [i ** 2 for i in range(1, 10)]
print(x)
# [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]

x = [(i, i ** 2) for i in range(6)]
print(x)

# [(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 9), (4, 16), (5, 25)]

x = [i for i in range(100) if (i % 2) != 0 and (i % 3) == 0]
print(x)

# [3, 9, 15, 21, 27, 33, 39, 45, 51, 57, 63, 69, 75, 81, 87, 93, 99]

x = [[i, j] for i in range(0, 3) for j in range(0, 3)]
print(x)
# [[0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2], [1, 0], [1, 1], [1, 2], [2, 0], [2, 1], [2, 2]]

x[0][0] = 10
print(x)
# [[10, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2], [1, 0], [1, 1], [1, 2], [2, 0], [2, 1], [2, 2]]

a = [(i, j) for i in range(0, 3) if i < 1 for j in range(0, 3) if j > 1]
print(a)

# [(0, 2)]

2.元组推导式

( expr for value in collection [if condition] )
【例子】

a = (x for x in range(10))
print(a)

# <generator object <genexpr> at 0x0000025BE511CC48>

print(tuple(a))

# (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)

3.字典推导式

{ key_expr: value_expr for value in collection [if condition] }
【例子】

b = {i: i % 2 == 0 for i in range(10) if i % 3 == 0}
print(b)
# {0: True, 3: False, 6: True, 9: False}

4.集合推导式

{ expr for value in collection [if condition] }
【例子】

c = {i for i in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 2, 1]}
print(c)
# {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

5.其它

next(iterator[, default]) Return the next item from the iterator. If default is given and the iterator is exhausted, it is returned instead of raising StopIteration.
【例子】

e = (i for i in range(10))
print(e)
# <generator object <genexpr> at 0x0000007A0B8D01B0>

print(next(e))  # 0
print(next(e))  # 1

for each in e:
    print(each, end=' ')

# 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

s = sum([i for i in range(101)])
print(s)  # 5050
s = sum((i for i in range(101)))
print(s)  # 5050