一、整合MyBatis
搭建测试环境
实体类User
package com.zyh.pojo;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.ToString;
@Data
@ToString
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String pwd;
}
接口UserMapper
package com.zyh.mapper;
import com.zyh.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserMapper {
public List<User> selectUser();
}
编写:UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zyh.mapper.UserMapper">
<select id="selectUser" resultType="User">
select * from mybatis.user;
</select>
</mapper>
编写MyBatis核心配置文件:mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<properties resource="db.properties"/>
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.zyh.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
编写Spring配置文件application.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
</beans>
Spring整合MyBatis步骤:
1、编写数据源配置
<!--DataSource:使用Spring的DataSource代替Mybatis中的配置-->
<bean id="datasource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url"
value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&useSSL=true&characterEnicoding=utf8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="11235813"/>
</bean>
2、编写SqlSessionFactory和SqlSessionTemplate 的Bean对象
<!--sqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"/>
<!--绑定MyBatis配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
<!--读取mapper包下的所有xml文件-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/zyh/mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--sqlSessionTemplate-->
<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
<!--我们查看源码发现SqlSessionTemplate类并没有set方法,
所以使用构造器注入sqlSessionFactory-->
<constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
3、给接口添加实现类
package com.zyh.mapper;
import com.zyh.pojo.User;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import java.util.List;
//我们所有的数据库操作都在sqlsessionTemplate执行
public class UserMapperImpl implements UserMapper {
private SqlSessionTemplate sqlSession;
public void setSqlSession(SqlSessionTemplate sqlSession) {
this.sqlSession = sqlSession;
}
public List<User> selectUser() {
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
return mapper.selectUser();
}
}
4、将自己写的实现类,注入到Spring中
<!--将实现类注册到Spring-->
<bean id="userMapper" class="com.zyh.mapper.UserMapperImpl">
<property name="sqlSession" ref="sqlSession"/>
</bean>
5、测试
import com.zyh.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.zyh.pojo.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import java.util.List;
public class MyTest {
@Test
public void test1() {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserMapper userMapper = (UserMapper) context.getBean("userMapper");
List<User> users = userMapper.selectUser();
for (User user : users) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}
}
执行结果:
简化版MyBatis-Spring
环境和上面的案例一样,但不用我们sqlSessionTemplate 的Bean对象了。
创建一个新的UserMapper实现类,继承SqlSessionDaoSupport
类。我们可以再类中直接getSession()
获取一个Session。
package com.zyh.mapper;
import com.zyh.pojo.User;
import org.mybatis.spring.support.SqlSessionDaoSupport;
import java.util.List;
public class UserMapperImpl2 extends SqlSessionDaoSupport implements UserMapper {
public List<User> selectUser() {
return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).selectUser();
}
}
将实现类注册到Spring,查看源码发现这个set方法需要一个sqlSessionFactory
的对象,所以给它的属性添加一个sqlSessionFactory
的引用。
<!--DataSource:使用Spring的DataSource代替Mybatis中的配置-->
<bean id="datasource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url"
value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&useSSL=true&characterEnicoding=utf8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="11235813"/>
</bean>
<!--sqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"/>
<!--绑定MyBatis配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
<!--读取mapper包下的所有xml文件-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/zyh/mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--注册实现类到Spring中-->
<bean id="UserMapper2" class="com.zyh.mapper.UserMapperImpl2">
<property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
测试:
import com.zyh.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.zyh.pojo.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import java.util.List;
public class MyTest {
@Test
public void test1() {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserMapper userMapper = (UserMapper) context.getBean("userMapper2");
List<User> users = userMapper.selectUser();
for (User user : users) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}
}
执行结果:
二、声明式事务
1、事务简介
把一组业务当成一个业务来做;要么都成功,要么都失败!事务在项目开发中,十分的重要,涉及到数据的一致性问题!
2、事务的ACID原则
- 原子性: 确保事务要么都成功,要么都是失败!事务是不可分割的!
- 一致性: 保证数据在事务的执行周期内不会发生变化!
- 隔离性: 多个事务访问同一个数据库时,一个事务不能被另一个事务影响,多个并发访问的事务需要隔离。
- 持久性: 事务一旦被提交,就不可能再回滚!
3、Spring中的事务管理
- 声明式事务: 通过AOP的方式去实现
- 编程式事务: 需要在代码中手动实现!
4、为什么需要事务?
- 如果我们不开启事务,可能就会存在数据提交不一致的情况
- 如果我们不在Spring中去配置声明式事务,就需要我们在代码中手动配置事务!
- 事务在项目开发中是非常重要的,涉及到数据的一致性和完整性,所以我们必须重视!
5、测试事务
搭建环境:
实体类:
package com.zyh.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String pwd;
}
接口:
package com.zyh.mapper;
import com.zyh.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserMapper {
//查询所有的用户
public List<User> selectUser();
//添加一个用户
public int insertUser(User user);
//删除一个用户、
public int deleteUser(int id);
}
接口的实现类:
package com.zyh.mapper;
import com.zyh.pojo.User;
import org.mybatis.spring.support.SqlSessionDaoSupport;
import java.util.List;
public class UserMapperImpl2 extends SqlSessionDaoSupport implements UserMapper {
//我们在这里查询用户的时候,会新增一个用户并删除。
public List<User> selectUser() {
User user = new User(5, "xiaohu", "123456");
insertUser(user);
deleteUser(5);
return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).selectUser();
}
public int insertUser(User user){
return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).insertUser(user);
}
public int deleteUser(int id) {
return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).deleteUser(id);
}
}
接口的.xml
配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zyh.mapper.UserMapper">
<select id="selectUser" resultType="User">
select * from mybatis.user;
</select>
<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="User">
insert mybatis.user(id,name,pwd) values (#{id},#{name},#{pwd});
</insert>
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
-- 注意:这里我们为了测试事务,故意写错SQL语句
deletes mybatis.user where id = #{id};
</delete>
</mapper>
测试:
@Test
public void test2() {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("appplicationContext.xml");
UserMapper userMapper2 = context.getBean("userMapper2", UserMapper.class);
List<User> users = userMapper2.selectUser();
for (User user : users) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}
执行结果:
我们可以看到SQL语句有错程序别报错。再看一下我们的数据库中的数据。
我们的程序报错但插入语句去执行成功了,这就是我们为什么要学习事务的原因。
下面我们配置开启事务
在spring配置文件中开启事务
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--编写数据源DataSource-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url"
value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&useSSL=true&characterEnicoding=utf8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="11235813"/>
</bean>
<!--编写sqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--绑定数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--绑定Mybatis配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
<!--读取mapper下的所有接口的.xml文件-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/zyh/mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--编写SqlSessionTemplate-->
<bean id="sqlsession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
<constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!--注册接口的实现类Bean对象-->
<bean id="userMapper" class="com.zyh.mapper.UserMapperImpl">
<property name="sqlSession" ref="sqlsession"/>
</bean>
<bean id="userMapper2" class="com.zyh.mapper.UserMapperImpl2">
<property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!--配置声明式事务,需要导入事务的约束文件-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--配置事务通知-->
<!--结合AOP实现事务的织入-->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<!--给方法配置事务-->
<tx:attributes>
<!--配置事务的传播特性 REQUIRED 默认的-->
<tx:method name="insert" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="delete" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="update" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="select" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!--配置事务AOP的切入-->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="txPoint" expression="execution(* com.zyh.mapper.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPoint"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>
下面我们新增五号用户,删除四号用户试一下:记得把UserMapper.xml中的SQL删除语句修改正确
package com.zyh.mapper;
import com.zyh.pojo.User;
import org.mybatis.spring.support.SqlSessionDaoSupport;
import java.util.List;
public class UserMapperImpl2 extends SqlSessionDaoSupport implements UserMapper {
public List<User> selectUser() {
User user = new User(5, "xiaohu", "123456");
insertUser(user);
deleteUser(4);
return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).selectUser();
}
public int insertUser(User user){
return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).insertUser(user);
}
public int deleteUser(int id) {
return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).deleteUser(id);
}
}
测试:
@Test
public void test2() {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("appplicationContext.xml");
UserMapper userMapper2 = context.getBean("userMapper2", UserMapper.class);
List<User> users = userMapper2.selectUser();
for (User user : users) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}
执行结果: