JPA中的一对一
一个学生只有一条详情信息,一条详情信息对应一个学生
学生和详情信息是一对一关系
一个学生可以有多个账户,一个账户属于一个学生
学生和账户是一对多关系
实体类关系建立以及映射配置
学生类
package domain;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.List;
@Entity
@Table(name = "student")
public class Student {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "id")
private Long id;
@Column(name = "name")
private String name;
@OneToOne(mappedBy = "student",cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
private Detail detail;
@OneToMany(mappedBy = "student",fetch = FetchType.LAZY,cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
private List<Account> accounts;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Detail getDetail() {
return detail;
}
public void setDetail(Detail detail) {
this.detail = detail;
}
public List<Account> getAccounts() {
return accounts;
}
public void setAccounts(List<Account> accounts) {
this.accounts = accounts;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
学生Dao接口
package dao;
import domain.Student;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 符合SpringDataJpa的dao层接口规范
* JpaRepository<操作的实体类类型,实体类中主键属性的类型>
* * 封装了基本CRUD操作
* JpaSpecificationExecutor<操作的实体类类型>
* * 封装了复杂查询(分页)
*/
public interface StudentDao extends JpaRepository<Student,Long> ,JpaSpecificationExecutor<Student> {
public List<Student> findByName(String name);
}
详情信息类
package domain;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Entity
@Table(name = "detail")
public class Detail {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "id")
private Long id;
@Column(name = "sex")
private String sex;
@Column(name = "age")
private Integer age;
@OneToOne(targetEntity = Student.class)
@JoinColumn(name = "s_id",referencedColumnName = "id")
private Student student;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Student getStudent() {
return student;
}
public void setStudent(Student student) {
this.student = student;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Detail{" +
"id=" + id +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}
账户类
package domain;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Entity
@Table(name = "account")
public class Account {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "id")
private Long id;
@Column(name = "money")
private Double money;
@ManyToOne(targetEntity = Student.class,fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name = "s_id",referencedColumnName = "id")
private Student student;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Double getMoney() {
return money;
}
public void setMoney(Double money) {
this.money = money;
}
public Student getStudent() {
return student;
}
public void setStudent(Student student) {
this.student = student;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Account{" +
"id=" + id +
", money=" + money +
'}';
}
}
映射注解说明
@OneToOne:
作用:建立一对一的关系映射
属性:
targetEntityClass:指定关联类的字节码
mappedBy:自动维护跟被拥有方的关系
cascade:指定要使用的级联操作
fetch:指定是否采用延迟加载
@OneToMany:
作用:建立一对多的关系映射
属性:
targetEntityClass:指定多的多方的类的字节码
mappedBy:自动维护跟被拥有方的关系
cascade:指定要使用的级联操作
fetch:指定是否采用延迟加载
@ManyToOne
作用:建立多对一的关系
属性:
targetEntityClass:指定一的一方实体类字节码
cascade:指定要使用的级联操作
fetch:指定是否采用延迟加载
optional:关联是否可选。如果设置为false,则必须始终存在非空关系。
@JoinColumn
作用:用于定义主键字段和外键字段的对应关系。
属性:
name:指定外键字段的名称
referencedColumnName:指定引用主表的主键字段名称
unique:是否唯一。默认值不唯一
nullable:是否允许为空。默认值允许。
insertable:是否允许插入。默认值允许。
updatable:是否允许更新。默认值允许。
columnDefinition:列的定义信息。
配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
<!--spring 和 spring data jpa的配置-->
<!-- 创建entityManagerFactory对象交给spring容器管理-->
<bean id="entityManagerFactoty" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!--配置的扫描的包(实体类所在的包) -->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="domain" />
<!-- jpa的实现厂家 -->
<property name="persistenceProvider">
<bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider"/>
</property>
<!--jpa的供应商适配器 -->
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<!--配置是否自动创建数据库表 -->
<property name="generateDdl" value="false" />
<!--指定数据库类型 -->
<property name="database" value="MYSQL" />
<!--数据库方言:支持的特有语法 -->
<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
<!--是否显示sql -->
<property name="showSql" value="true" />
</bean>
</property>
<!--jpa的方言 :高级的特性 -->
<property name="jpaDialect" >
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" />
</property>
<!--注入jpa的配置信息
加载jpa的基本配置信息和jpa实现方式(hibernate)的配置信息
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto : 自动创建数据库表
create : 每次都会重新创建数据库表
update:有表不会重新创建,没有表会重新创建表
-->
<property name="jpaProperties" >
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--创建数据库连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="user" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="qwe123"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///jpa?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC" ></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
</bean>
<!--整合spring dataJpa-->
<jpa:repositories base-package="dao" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"
entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactoty" ></jpa:repositories>
<!--配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactoty"></property>
</bean>
<!-- txAdvice-->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- aop-->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* dao.*.*(..))" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut" />
</aop:config>
<context:component-scan base-package="dao,domain" ></context:component-scan>
</beans>
添加
级联添加
@Test
@Transactional //配置事务
@Rollback(false) //不自动回滚
public void testAdd() {
Student student = new Student();
student.setName("rose");
Detail detail = new Detail();
detail.setAge(21);
detail.setSex("female");
student.setDetail(detail);
detail.setStudent(student);
Account account = new Account();
account.setMoney(3000d);
account.setStudent(student);
Account account1 = new Account();
account1.setMoney(8000d);
account1.setStudent(student);
List<Account> accounts = new ArrayList<Account>();
accounts.add(account);
accounts.add(account1);
student.setAccounts(accounts);
studentDao.save(student);
}
删除
级联删除
@Test
@Transactional //配置事务
@Rollback(false) //不自动回滚
public void testDelete() {
studentDao.delete(1l);
}
查询
@Test
@Transactional //配置事务
@Rollback(false) //不自动回滚
public void testQuery() {
Student student = studentDao.findByName("rose").get(0);
System.out.println(student.getName());
System.out.println(student.getAccounts());
System.out.println(student.getDetail());
}