java程序实现双机热备_如何实现 Tomcat 服务双机热备？

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-12 22:04:55 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-02-12 22:04:55 发布

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文章标签： java程序实现双机热备

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42502040/article/details/114256447

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1.规划

1.1服务器环境规划

负载服务器master及WEB服务器1真实IP：10.10.195.53

负载服务器backup及WEB服务器2真实IP：10.10.195.190

负载服务器虚拟ip：10.10.195.212

1.2软件环境规划

操作系统：RedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerrelease5.6(Tikanga)

keepalived：keepalived-1.2.19

Java：jdk-1.7.0_79

Tomcat：apache-tomcat-7.0.64

2.负载服务器配置

这里只叙述如何安装配置keepalived，至于java以及tomcat的安装及配置，这里不赘述。

2.1安装keepalived

[~]tar-zxvfkeepalived-1.2.19.tar.gz

[~]cdkeepalived-1.2.19

[keepalived-1.2.19]./configure--prefix=/usr/local/keepalived--disable-fwmark

#(如果直接输入./configure有可能报错：configure:error:NoSO_MARKdeclarationinheaders)

[keepalived-1.2.19]make

[keepalived-1.2.19]makeinstall

2.2配置keepalived服务

[keepalived-1.2.19]cp/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived/usr/sbin/

[keepalived-1.2.19]cp/usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/

[keepalived-1.2.19]cp/usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived/etc/init.d/

[keepalived-1.2.19]mkdir/etc/keepalived

[keepalived-1.2.19]cp/usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf/etc/keepalived/

[keepalived-1.2.19]chkconfig--addkeepalived

[keepalived-1.2.19]chkconfigkeepalivedon

重启\启动\关闭\查看状态keepalived

servicekeepalivedrestart

servicekeepalivedstart

servicekeepalivedstop

servicekeepalivedstatus

2.3配置keepalived.conf文件

[~]mv/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak

[~]vi/etc/keepalived//keepalived.conf

主备机的keepalived.conf文件大致相同，只是注意红色标注的地方。

主机配置：

global_defs{

router_idNodeA

}

vrrp_scriptchk_http_port{

script"/opt/tomcat.pid"

interval5

weight2

}

vrrp_instanceVI_1{

stateMASTER

interfaceeth0

virtual_router_id52

priority150

advert_int1

authentication{

auth_typePASS

auth_pass1111

}

track_script{

chk_http_port

}

virtual_ipaddress{

10.10.195.212

}

备机配置：

global_defs{

router_idNodeB

}

vrrp_scriptchk_http_port{

script"/opt/tomcat.pid"

interval5

weight2

}

vrrp_instanceVI_1{

stateBACKUP

interfaceeth0

virtual_router_id52

priority100

advert_int1

authentication{

auth_typePASS

auth_pass1111

}

track_script{

chk_http_port

}

virtual_ipaddress{

10.10.195.212

}

2.4配置/opt/tomcat.pid

#!/bin/bash

#description:checktomcatserviceanddecidewhetherstopthekeepalivedornot

#editedbyzzh:2015-10-14

CATALINA_HOME=/users/shr/apache-tomcat-7.0.64

JAVA_HOME=/users/shr/util/JavaDir/jdk

exportCATALINA_HOME

exportJAVA_HOME

psax--width=1000|grep"org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrapstart"|grep-v"grep"|awk'{printf$1""}'|wc|awk'{print$2}'>tomcat_process_count.txt

readline< tomcat_process_count.txt

start_tomcat=$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh

if[${line}-lt1]

then

echo-n"===Startingtomcat===:"

${start_tomcat}

#:sudoservicetomcatstart

echo"===tomcatstartok.==="

sleep3

#checkthetomcatstatus.

psax--width=1000|grep"org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrapstart"|grep-v"grep"|awk'{printf$1""}'|wc|awk'{print$2}'>tomcat_process_count.txt

readline2< tomcat_process_count.txt

if[${line2}-lt1]

then

sudoservicekeepalivedstop

rmtomcat_process_count.txt

#shellend.

3.日志查看

3.1正常启动

输入tail-f/var/log/messages查看启动keepalived日志：

(MASTER：10.10.195.53)

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived[5536]:StartingKeepalivedv1.2.19(09/21,2015)

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_healthcheckers[5538]:NetlinkreflectorreportsIP10.10.195.53added

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_healthcheckers[5538]:RegisteringKernelnetlinkreflector

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_healthcheckers[5538]:RegisteringKernelnetlinkcommandchannel

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_healthcheckers[5538]:Openingfile'/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_healthcheckers[5538]:Configurationisusing:6572Bytes

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived[5537]:StartingHealthcheckchildprocess,pid=5538

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_healthcheckers[5538]:UsingLinkWatchkernelnetlinkreflector...

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:NetlinkreflectorreportsIP10.10.195.53added

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived[5537]:StartingVRRPchildprocess,pid=5539

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:RegisteringKernelnetlinkreflector

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:RegisteringKernelnetlinkcommandchannel

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:RegisteringgratuitousARPsharedchannel

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:Openingfile'/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:Configurationisusing:36541Bytes

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:UsingLinkWatchkernelnetlinkreflector...

Sep2915:49:16shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:VRRPsockpool:[ifindex(2),proto(112),unicast(0),fd(10,11)]

Sep2915:49:17shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)TransitiontoMASTERSTATE

Sep2915:49:17shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)Receivedlowerprioadvert,forcingnewelection

Sep2915:49:18shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)EnteringMASTERSTATE

Sep2915:49:18shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)settingprotocolVIPs.

Sep2915:49:18shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)SendinggratuitousARPsoneth0for10.10.195.212

Sep2915:49:18shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:NetlinkreflectorreportsIP10.10.195.212added

Sep2915:49:18shrKeepalived_healthcheckers[5538]:NetlinkreflectorreportsIP10.10.195.212added

Sep2915:49:23shrKeepalived_vrrp[5539]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)SendinggratuitousARPsoneth0for10.10.195.212

(BACKUP:10.10.195.190)

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived[18218]:StartingKeepalivedv1.2.19(09/25,2015)

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_healthcheckers[18220]:NetlinkreflectorreportsIP10.10.195.190added

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_healthcheckers[18220]:RegisteringKernelnetlinkreflector

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_healthcheckers[18220]:RegisteringKernelnetlinkcommandchannel

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_healthcheckers[18220]:Openingfile'/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_healthcheckers[18220]:Configurationisusing:6682Bytes

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived[18219]:StartingHealthcheckchildprocess,pid=18220

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived[18219]:StartingVRRPchildprocess,pid=18221

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_vrrp[18221]:NetlinkreflectorreportsIP10.10.195.190added

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_healthcheckers[18220]:UsingLinkWatchkernelnetlinkreflector...

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_vrrp[18221]:RegisteringKernelnetlinkreflector

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_vrrp[18221]:RegisteringKernelnetlinkcommandchannel

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_vrrp[18221]:RegisteringgratuitousARPsharedchannel

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_vrrp[18221]:Openingfile'/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_vrrp[18221]:Configurationisusing:36651Bytes

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_vrrp[18221]:UsingLinkWatchkernelnetlinkreflector...

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_vrrp[18221]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)EnteringBACKUPSTATE

Sep2915:46:25server1Keepalived_vrrp[18221]:VRRPsockpool:[ifindex(2),proto(112),unicast(0),fd(10,11)]

3.2主备切换

l当在主机(MASTER：10.10.195.53)中输入sudoservicekeepalivedstop，此时就会进行主备切换，主机切换成备机。

主机(MASTER：10.10.195.53)输出如下

Oct1413:25:09shrKeepalived_vrrp[26683]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)sending0priority

Oct1413:25:09shrKeepalived_vrrp[26683]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)removingprotocolVIPs.

Oct1413:25:09shrKeepalived_healthcheckers[26682]:NetlinkreflectorreportsIP10.10.195.212removed

Oct1413:25:09shrKeepalived[26681]:StoppingKeepalivedv1.2.19(09/21,2015)

备机(BACKUP:10.10.195.190)输出如下

Oct1413:19:58server1Keepalived_vrrp[30890]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)TransitiontoMASTERSTATE

Oct1413:19:59server1Keepalived_vrrp[30890]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)EnteringMASTERSTATE

Oct1413:19:59server1Keepalived_vrrp[30890]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)settingprotocolVIPs.

Oct1413:19:59server1Keepalived_vrrp[30890]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)SendinggratuitousARPsoneth0for10.10.195.212

Oct1413:19:59server1Keepalived_healthcheckers[30889]:NetlinkreflectorreportsIP10.10.195.212added

Oct1413:19:59server1Keepalived_vrrp[30890]:NetlinkreflectorreportsIP10.10.195.212added

Oct1413:20:04server1Keepalived_vrrp[30890]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)SendinggratuitousARPsoneth0for10.10.195.212

l当在主机(MASTER：10.10.195.53)中输入sudoservicekeepalivedstart,此时就会切换成主机。备机(BACKUP:10.10.195.190)输出如下信息：

Oct1413:25:11server1Keepalived_vrrp[30890]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)Receivedhigherprioadvert

Oct1413:25:11server1Keepalived_vrrp[30890]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)EnteringBACKUPSTATE

Oct1413:25:11server1Keepalived_vrrp[30890]:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)removingprotocolVIPs.

Oct1413:25:11server1Keepalived_healthcheckers[30889]:NetlinkreflectorreportsIP10.10.195.212removed

Oct1413:25:11server1Keepalived_vrrp[30890]:NetlinkreflectorreportsIP10.10.195.212removed

4.查看虚拟ip

可以通过ipaddshow命令查看添加的虚拟ip：

[shr@shrbin]$ipaddshow

1:lo:mtu16436qdiscnoqueue

link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00

inet127.0.0.1/8scopehostlo

2:eth0:mtu1500qdiscpfifo_fastqlen1000

link/ether00:0c:29:6b:f2:a8brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet10.10.195.53/24brd10.10.195.255scopeglobaleth0

inet10.10.195.212/32scopeglobaleth0

5.常见错误

5.1常见错误一：

/var/log/messageshasthousandsoferrorslikethis:

Jun2809:18:32rustKeepalived_vrrp:receiveaninvalidipnumbercount

associatedwithVRID!

Jun2809:18:32rustKeepalived_vrrp:bogusVRRPpacketreceivedoneth0!!!

Jun2809:18:32rustKeepalived_vrrp:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)Droppingreceived

VRRPpacket...

Thebackupdirectorstartsup,butdoesn'tlistenonthevirtualaddresses

atall.Its/var/log/messageshasthousandsoferrorslikethis:

Jun2806:25:05styeKeepalived_vrrp:receiveaninvalidipnumbercount

associatedwithVRID!

Jun2806:25:05styeKeepalived_vrrp:bogusVRRPpacketreceivedoneth0!!!

Jun2806:25:05styeKeepalived_vrrp:VRRP_Instance(VI_1)ignoringreceived

advertisment...

解决方法：

改变配置文件/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf中virtual_router_id为另一个值即可。

(changedthevridtoanothernumberanditworkedfine).

5.2常见错误二：

主机执行到VRRP_Instance(VI_1)EnteringBACKUPSTATE之后没有执行VRRP_Instance(VI_1)settingprotocolVIPs。

解决方法：

可能是配置文件keepalived.conf中{左边没有空格。

附

linux添加tomcat服务

在/etc/init.d中输入sudovimtomcat

脚本具体内容如下：

#!/bin/bash

#chkconfig:23451090

#description:StartsandStopsthetomcatdaemon

#editedbyZZH:2015-10-14

CATALINA_HOME=/users/shr/apache-tomcat-7.0.64

JAVA_HOME=/users/shr/util/JavaDir/jdk

exportCATALINA_HOME

exportJAVA_HOME

start_tomcat=$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh

stop_tomcat=$CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh

if[!-f$CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh]

then

echo"===Tomcatisnotavailable.==="

exit

start()

{

echo-n"===Startingtomcat===:"

${start_tomcat}

echo"===tomcatstartok.==="

}

stop()

{

echo-n"===Shuttingdowntomcat===:"

${stop_tomcat}

echo"===tomcatstopok.==="

}

status()

{

psax--width=1000|grep"org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrapstart"|grep-v"grep"|awk'{printf$1""}'|wc|awk'{print$2}'>tomcat_process_count.txt

readline< tomcat_process_count.txt

rmtomcat_process_count.txt

if[$line-gt0]

then

echo-n"tomcat(pid="

psax--width=1000|grep"org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrapstart"|grep-v"grep"|awk'{printf$1""}'|awk'{print$1}'>tomcat_process_pid.txt

readpid< tomcat_process_pid.txt

rmtomcat_process_pid.txt

echo-n$pid

echo-n")isrunning..."

echo

else

echo"tomcatisstopped"

}

case"$1"in

start)

start

;;

stop)

stop

;;

restart)

stop

sleep1

start

;;

status)

status

;;

echo"Usage:$0{start|stop|restart}"

exit1

esac

exit0

#shellend.

在终端输入:

sudochmod755tomcat

sudochkconfig--addtomcat

tomcat启动servicetomcatstart

tomcat关闭servicetomcatstop

tomcat重启servicetomcatrestart

tomcat状态查看servicetomcatstatus

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java程序实现双机热备_如何实现 Tomcat 服务双机热备？

1.规划1.1服务器环境规划负载服务器master及WEB服务器1真实IP：10.10.195.53负载服务器backup及WEB服务器2真实IP：10.10.195.190负载服务器虚拟ip：10.10.195.2121.2软件环境规划操作系统：RedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerrelease5.6(Tikanga)keepalived：keepalived-1.2.19Ja...
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