本文实例讲述了Java模拟死锁发生之演绎哲学家进餐问题。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
一 点睛
常见的死锁形式:当线程1已经占据资源R1,并持有资源R1上的锁,而且还在等待资源R2的锁;而线程2已经占据资源R2,并且持有资源R2上的锁,却正在等待资源R1上的锁。如果两个线程不释放自己占据的资源锁,而且还申请对方资源上的锁,申请不到时只能等待,而且它们只能永远的等待下去。
二 实战
1 代码
public class DeadLockDemo
{
/** knife锁 */
private static String knife = "餐刀"; //临界资源
/** fork锁 */
private static String fork = "叉子"; //临界资源
public static void main(String[] args)
{
DaemonThread daemonTh = new DaemonThread();
Thread newDaemon = new Thread(daemonTh);
newDaemon.setDaemon(true);
newDaemon.start();
new DeadLockDemo().deadLock();
}
private void deadLock()
{
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run()
{
synchronized (knife) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿起了" + knife + ", 等待" + fork + "......");
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
synchronized (fork) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "又拿起了" + fork + ",吃饭中...");
}
}
}
});
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
synchronized (fork) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿起了" + fork + ", 等待" + knife + "......");
synchronized (knife) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "又拿起了" + knife + ",吃饭中...");
}
}
}
});
t1.start();
t2.start();
}
}
class DaemonThread implements Runnable
{
@Override
public void run()
{
while(true)
{
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
}catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("守护线程:程序仍在运行中...");
}
}
}
2 运行
Thread-1拿起了餐刀, 等待叉子......
Thread-2拿起了叉子, 等待餐刀......
守护线程:程序仍在运行中...
守护线程:程序仍在运行中...
守护线程:程序仍在运行中...
守护线程:程序仍在运行中...
守护线程:程序仍在运行中...
三 预防死锁
1 解决方法
如果规定线程A和B都必须先拿刀,再拿叉,就不会发生死锁。
2 代码
public class DeadLockDemo
{
/** knife锁 */
private static String knife = "餐刀"; //临界资源
/** fork锁 */
private static String fork = "叉子"; //临界资源
public static void main(String[] args)
{
DaemonThread daemonTh = new DaemonThread();
Thread newDaemon = new Thread(daemonTh);
newDaemon.setDaemon(true);
newDaemon.start();
new DeadLockDemo().deadLock();
}
private void deadLock()
{
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run()
{
synchronized (knife) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿起了" + knife + ", 等待" + fork + "......");
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
synchronized (fork) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "又拿起了" + fork + ",吃饭中...");
}
}
}
});
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
synchronized (knife) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿起了" + knife + ", 等待" + fork + "......");
synchronized (fork) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "又拿起了" + fork + ",吃饭中...");
}
}
}
});
t1.start();
t2.start();
}
}
class DaemonThread implements Runnable
{
@Override
public void run()
{
while(true)
{
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
}catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("守护线程:程序仍在运行中...");
}
}
}
3 运行
Thread-1拿起了餐刀, 等待叉子......
守护线程:程序仍在运行中...
守护线程:程序仍在运行中...
Thread-1又拿起了叉子,吃饭中...
Thread-2拿起了餐刀, 等待叉子......
Thread-2又拿起了叉子,吃饭中...
希望本文所述对大家java程序设计有所帮助。