java中哲学家就餐死锁_Java模拟死锁发生之演绎哲学家进餐问题案例详解

本文实例讲述了Java模拟死锁发生之演绎哲学家进餐问题。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

一 点睛

常见的死锁形式：当线程1已经占据资源R1，并持有资源R1上的锁，而且还在等待资源R2的锁；而线程2已经占据资源R2，并且持有资源R2上的锁，却正在等待资源R1上的锁。如果两个线程不释放自己占据的资源锁，而且还申请对方资源上的锁，申请不到时只能等待，而且它们只能永远的等待下去。

二 实战

1 代码

public class DeadLockDemo

{

/** knife锁 */

private static String knife = "餐刀"; //临界资源

/** fork锁 */

private static String fork = "叉子"; //临界资源

public static void main(String[] args)

{

DaemonThread daemonTh = new DaemonThread();

Thread newDaemon = new Thread(daemonTh);

newDaemon.setDaemon(true);

newDaemon.start();

new DeadLockDemo().deadLock();

}

private void deadLock()

{

Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run()

{

synchronized (knife) {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿起了" + knife + ", 等待" + fork + "......");

try {

Thread.sleep(2000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

synchronized (fork) {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "又拿起了" + fork + "，吃饭中...");

}

}

}

});

Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

synchronized (fork) {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿起了" + fork + ", 等待" + knife + "......");

synchronized (knife) {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "又拿起了" + knife + "，吃饭中...");

}

}

}

});

t1.start();

t2.start();

}

}

class DaemonThread implements Runnable

{

@Override

public void run()

{

while(true)

{

try {

Thread.sleep(1000);

}catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println("守护线程：程序仍在运行中...");

}

}

}

2 运行

Thread-1拿起了餐刀, 等待叉子......

Thread-2拿起了叉子, 等待餐刀......

守护线程：程序仍在运行中...

守护线程：程序仍在运行中...

守护线程：程序仍在运行中...

守护线程：程序仍在运行中...

守护线程：程序仍在运行中...

三 预防死锁

1 解决方法

如果规定线程A和B都必须先拿刀，再拿叉，就不会发生死锁。

2 代码

public class DeadLockDemo

{

/** knife锁 */

private static String knife = "餐刀"; //临界资源

/** fork锁 */

private static String fork = "叉子"; //临界资源

public static void main(String[] args)

{

DaemonThread daemonTh = new DaemonThread();

Thread newDaemon = new Thread(daemonTh);

newDaemon.setDaemon(true);

newDaemon.start();

new DeadLockDemo().deadLock();

}

private void deadLock()

{

Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run()

{

synchronized (knife) {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿起了" + knife + ", 等待" + fork + "......");

try {

Thread.sleep(2000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

synchronized (fork) {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "又拿起了" + fork + "，吃饭中...");

}

}

}

});

Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

synchronized (knife) {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿起了" + knife + ", 等待" + fork + "......");

synchronized (fork) {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "又拿起了" + fork + "，吃饭中...");

}

}

}

});

t1.start();

t2.start();

}

}

class DaemonThread implements Runnable

{

@Override

public void run()

{

while(true)

{

try {

Thread.sleep(1000);

}catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println("守护线程：程序仍在运行中...");

}

}

}

3 运行

Thread-1拿起了餐刀, 等待叉子......

守护线程：程序仍在运行中...

守护线程：程序仍在运行中...

Thread-1又拿起了叉子，吃饭中...

Thread-2拿起了餐刀, 等待叉子......

Thread-2又拿起了叉子，吃饭中...

希望本文所述对大家java程序设计有所帮助。