oracle安装官网,oracle安装官方配置文档

AInstalling the Oracle DatabaseSoftware

This appendix presents a summary of the procedure for installing the Oracle database software. Note that the complete installation procedure is described in the product documentation.

The information in this appendix is based on theOracle Database 11g for Linux x86-64 Quick Installation Guide. It is recommended that you download and review it. It is available from the Oracle Database Documentation Library at the following location:

Download the Oracle Database Software

Download Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.2.0) Standard Edition, Standard Edition One, and Enterprise Edition from the Oracle database home page at the following location:

Operating System Prerequisites

Assuming you have a working Yum repository, you can install the required operating system dependencies for the database software with the following command:yum install gcc gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 glibc-devel libstdc++-devel \

elfutils-libelf-devel glibc-devel libaio-devel sysstat perl-URI \

bitstream-vera-fonts xorg-x11-xinit unixODBC unixODBC-devel xorg-x11-xinit

Creating the Database User Accounts and Groups

Create twogroups (dbaandoinstall) with the following commands:/usr/sbin/groupadd dba

/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

Create theoracleuser, and specifyoinstallas the primary group anddbaas the secondary group, with the following command:/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

Set theoracleuser password with the following command:passwd oracle

Configuring the Kernel Parameter Settings

Modify the/etc/sysctl.conffile to satisfy the Oracle installer's requirements by adding the following lines:kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 4194304

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 681574

Make these changes effective immediately with the following command:/sbin/sysctl -p

Setting Shell Limitsfor the Oracle User

To improve the performance of the software, you must increase the shell limits for theoracleuser. Add the following lines to the/etc/security/limits.conffile:oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

If not already present, add the following lines to the/etc/pam.d/loginfile:session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

Depending on theoracleuser's default shell, you need to make changes to it. For the Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell, add the following lines to the bottom of the/etc/profilefile:if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

For information about other shells, you should refer to theOracle Database 11g Release 1 for Linux x86-64 Quick Installation Guideavailable at the following location:

Creating the Database Directory

Throughout this guide it is assumed that the directory/u01/appis the root of the Oracle installation. This is specified in the ORACLE_BASE environment variable.

Enter the following command to display information about all mounted file systems:df -k

This command displays information about all the file systems mounted on the system, including:

The physical device name.

The total amount, used amount, and available amount of disk space.

The mount point directory for that file system.

Create the necessary subdirectories in the mount point directory that you identified and set the appropriate owner, group, and permissions for them using commands similar to the following:mkdir -p /u01/app

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

chmod -R 775 /u01/app

Configuring the Oracle User's Environment

Logon to the system as theoracleuser.

Add or edit theumasksetting in the~/.bash_profilefile to the following:umask 022

Make the setting active for the current shell by issuing the following command:. ./.bash_profile

Set the ORACLE_BASE environment variable to define the location of the root of the Oracle directory tree:export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

Unzip the Oracle database installation zip file. This creates the directorydatabase. Then, run the graphical installer (note this will not run under userroot). Ensure that your X Window environment is properly set up. In addition, when logging on remotely with SSH, ensure X forwarding is enabled. Use the following commands:cd unzip linux_11gR2_database.zip

./database/runInstaller

Use the installation wizard, and specify the values shown in. When ready, clickNext.

Figure A-1 Specify Installation Location Dialog

Specify the values shown in. When ready, clickNext.

Figure A-2 Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials Dialog

Important:Any warnings or errors reported during database installation (especially any missing prerequisites) must be resolved before proceeding. Seeandfor information about required components.

If all dependencies are met, you can clickNext.

When installation is almost complete, you are prompted to run two scripts,orainstRoot.shandroot.sh, asroot. This is shown in.

Figure A-3 Configuration Scripts Dialog

Run the two scripts indicated in. They should be run in a terminal window asroot. You will receive output similar to the following:/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script. is complete.

The second script. generates the following output:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

/root.sh

Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Finished product-specific root actions.

On completion of each script, return the dialog shown in, and clickOK. In the main installer screen, verify that the message "The installation of Oracle database 11g was successful" appears. ClickExit, and confirm by clickingYes.

Creating an Oracle init Script File

Logon as therootuser.

Create an/etc/init.d/oracledbscript. file to start and stop the Oracle database. An example of this initialization script. is available in the RUEI installation zip file (/root/RUEI/extra/oracledb) explained in. Note that you will need to modify the settings for the ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME environment variables shown above if you selected a different installation directory for the Oracle database.

Make the script. file executable and use it to start the Oracle database with the following commands:chmod +x /etc/init.d/oracledb

/sbin/chkconfig --add oracledb

/sbin/service oracledb start

The Oracle database is now installed, and the database listener should be up and running.