java http断点续传_Java如何实现HTTP断点续传功能

(一)断点续传的原理

其实断点续传的原理很简单，就是在Http的请求上和一般的下载有所不同而已。

打个比方，浏览器请求服务器上的一个文时，所发出的请求如下：

假设服务器域名为wwww.sjtu.edu.cn，文件名为down.zip。

GET /down.zip HTTP/1.1

Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms-

excel, application/msword, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, */*

Accept-Language: zh-cn

Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate

User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0)

Connection: Keep-Alive

服务器收到请求后，按要求寻找请求的文件，提取文件的信息，然后返回给浏览器，返回信息如下

200

Content-Length=106786028

Accept-Ranges=bytes

Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT

ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"

Content-Type=application/octet-stream

Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0

Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT

所谓断点续传，也就是要从文件已经下载的地方开始继续下载。所以在客户端浏览器传给

Web服务器的时候要多加一条信息--从哪里开始。

下面是用自己编的一个"浏览器"来传递请求信息给Web服务器，要求从2000070字节开始。

GET /down.zip HTTP/1.0

User-Agent: NetFox

RANGE: bytes=2000070-

Accept: text/html, image/gif, image/jpeg, *; q=.2, */*; q=.2

仔细看一下就会发现多了一行RANGE: bytes=2000070-

这一行的意思就是告诉服务器down.zip这个文件从2000070字节开始传，前面的字节不用传了。

服务器收到这个请求以后，返回的信息如下：

206

Content-Length=106786028

Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028

Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT

ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"

Content-Type=application/octet-stream

Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0

Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT

和前面服务器返回的信息比较一下，就会发现增加了一行：

Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028

返回的代码也改为206了，而不再是200了。

知道了以上原理，就可以进行断点续传的编程了。

(二)Java实现断点续传的关键几点

(1)用什么方法实现提交RANGE: bytes=2000070-。

当然用最原始的Socket是肯定能完成的，不过那样太费事了，其实Java的net包中提供了这种功能。代码如下：

URL url = new URL("http://www.sjtu.edu.cn/down.zip");

HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();

//设置User-Agent

httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");

//设置断点续传的开始位置

httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE","bytes=2000070");

//获得输入流

InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();

从输入流中取出的字节流就是down.zip文件从2000070开始的字节流。

大家看，其实断点续传用Java实现起来还是很简单的吧。

接下来要做的事就是怎么保存获得的流到文件中去了。

保存文件采用的方法。

我采用的是IO包中的RandAccessFile类。

操作相当简单，假设从2000070处开始保存文件，代码如下：

RandomAccess oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile("down.zip","rw");

long nPos = 2000070;

//定位文件指针到nPos位置

oSavedFile.seek(nPos);

byte[] b = new byte[1024];

int nRead;

//从输入流中读入字节流，然后写到文件中

while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0)

{

oSavedFile.write(b,0,nRead);

}

怎么样，也很简单吧。

接下来要做的就是整合成一个完整的程序了。包括一系列的线程控制等等。

(三)断点续传内核的实现

主要用了6个类，包括一个测试类。

SiteFileFetch.java负责整个文件的抓取，控制内部线程(FileSplitterFetch类)。

FileSplitterFetch.java负责部分文件的抓取。

FileAccess.java负责文件的存储。

SiteInfoBean.java要抓取的文件的信息，如文件保存的目录，名字，抓取文件的URL等。

Utility.java工具类，放一些简单的方法。

TestMethod.java测试类。

下面是源程序：

/*

**SiteFileFetch.java

*/

package NetFox;

import java.io.*;

import java.net.*;

public class SiteFileFetch extends Thread {

SiteInfoBean siteInfoBean = null; //文件信息Bean

long[] nStartPos; //开始位置

long[] nEndPos; //结束位置

FileSplitterFetch[] fileSplitterFetch; //子线程对象

long nFileLength; //文件长度

boolean bFirst = true; //是否第一次取文件

boolean bStop = false; //停止标志

File tmpFile; //文件下载的临时信息

DataOutputStream output; //输出到文件的输出流

public SiteFileFetch(SiteInfoBean bean) throws IOException

{

siteInfoBean = bean;

//tmpFile = File.createTempFile ("zhong","1111",new File(bean.getSFilePath()));

tmpFile = new File(bean.getSFilePath()+File.separator + bean.getSFileName()+".info");

if(tmpFile.exists ())

{

bFirst = false;

read_nPos();

}

else

{

nStartPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];

nEndPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];

}

}

public void run()

{

//获得文件长度

//分割文件

//实例FileSplitterFetch

//启动FileSplitterFetch线程

//等待子线程返回

try{

if(bFirst)

{

nFileLength = getFileSize();

if(nFileLength == -1)

{

System.err.println("File Length is not known!");

}

else if(nFileLength == -2)

{

System.err.println("File is not access!");

}

else

{

for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

{

nStartPos[i] = (long)(i*(nFileLength/nStartPos.length));

}

for(int i=0;i<nEndPos.length-1;i++)

{

nEndPos[i] = nStartPos[i+1];

}

nEndPos[nEndPos.length-1] = nFileLength;

}

}

//启动子线程

fileSplitterFetch = new FileSplitterFetch[nStartPos.length];

for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

{

fileSplitterFetch[i] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),

siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),

nStartPos[i],nEndPos[i],i);

Utility.log("Thread " + i + " , nStartPos = " + nStartPos[i] + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos[i]);

fileSplitterFetch[i].start();

}

// fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),

siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),nPos[nPos.length-1],nFileLength,nPos.length-1);

// Utility.log("Thread " + (nPos.length-1) + " , nStartPos = " + nPos[nPos.length-1] + ",

nEndPos = " + nFileLength);

// fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1].start();

//等待子线程结束

//int count = 0;

//是否结束while循环

boolean breakWhile = false;

while(!bStop)

{

write_nPos();

Utility.sleep(500);

breakWhile = true;

for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

{

if(!fileSplitterFetch[i].bDownOver)

{

breakWhile = false;

break;

}

}

if(breakWhile)

break;

//count++;

//if(count>4)

// siteStop();

}

System.err.println("文件下载结束！");

}

catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}

//获得文件长度

public long getFileSize()

{

int nFileLength = -1;

try{

URL url = new URL(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL());

HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();

httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");

int responseCode=httpConnection.getResponseCode();

if(responseCode>=400)

{

processErrorCode(responseCode);

return -2; //-2 represent access is error

}

String sHeader;

for(int i=1;;i++)

{

//DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(httpConnection.getInputStream ());

//Utility.log(in.readLine());

sHeader=httpConnection.getHeaderFieldKey(i);

if(sHeader!=null)

{

if(sHeader.equals("Content-Length"))

{

nFileLength = Integer.parseInt(httpConnection.getHeaderField(sHeader));

break;

}

}

else

break;

}

}

catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}

catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

Utility.log(nFileLength);

return nFileLength;

}

//保存下载信息(文件指针位置)

private void write_nPos()

{

try{

output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(tmpFile));

output.writeInt(nStartPos.length);

for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

{

// output.writeLong(nPos[i]);

output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nStartPos);

output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nEndPos);

}

output.close();

}

catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}

catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}

//读取保存的下载信息(文件指针位置)

private void read_nPos()

{

try{

DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(tmpFile));

int nCount = input.readInt();

nStartPos = new long[nCount];

nEndPos = new long[nCount];

for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

{

nStartPos[i] = input.readLong();

nEndPos[i] = input.readLong();

}

input.close();

}

catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}

catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}

private void processErrorCode(int nErrorCode)

{

System.err.println("Error Code : " + nErrorCode);

}

//停止文件下载

public void siteStop()

{

bStop = true;

for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)

fileSplitterFetch[i].splitterStop();

}

}

/*

**FileSplitterFetch.java

*/

package NetFox;

import java.io.*;

import java.net.*;

public class FileSplitterFetch extends Thread {

String sURL; //File URL

long nStartPos; //File Snippet Start Position

long nEndPos; //File Snippet End Position

int nThreadID; //Thread's ID

boolean bDownOver = false; //Downing is over

boolean bStop = false; //Stop identical

FileAccessI fileAccessI = null; //File Access interface

public FileSplitterFetch(String sURL,String sName,long nStart,long nEnd,int id) throws IOException

{

this.sURL = sURL;

this.nStartPos = nStart;

this.nEndPos = nEnd;

nThreadID = id;

fileAccessI = new FileAccessI(sName,nStartPos);

}

public void run()

{

while(nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)

{

try{

URL url = new URL(sURL);

HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();

httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");

String sProperty = "bytes="+nStartPos+"-";

httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE",sProperty);

Utility.log(sProperty);

InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();

//logResponseHead(httpConnection);

byte[] b = new byte[1024];

int nRead;

while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0 && nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)

{

nStartPos += fileAccessI.write(b,0,nRead);

//if(nThreadID == 1)

// Utility.log("nStartPos = " + nStartPos + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos);

}

Utility.log("Thread " + nThreadID + " is over!");

bDownOver = true;

//nPos = fileAccessI.write (b,0,nRead);

}

catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}

}

//打印回应的头信息

public void logResponseHead(HttpURLConnection con)

{

for(int i=1;;i++)

{

String header=con.getHeaderFieldKey(i);

if(header!=null)

//responseHeaders.put(header,httpConnection.getHeaderField(header));

Utility.log(header+" : "+con.getHeaderField(header));

else

break;

}

}

public void splitterStop()

{

bStop = true;

}

}

/*

**FileAccess.java

*/

package NetFox;

import java.io.*;

public class FileAccessI implements Serializable{

RandomAccessFile oSavedFile;

long nPos;

public FileAccessI() throws IOException

{

this("",0);

}

public FileAccessI(String sName,long nPos) throws IOException

{

oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile(sName,"rw");

this.nPos = nPos;

oSavedFile.seek(nPos);

}

public synchronized int write(byte[] b,int nStart,int nLen)

{

int n = -1;

try{

oSavedFile.write(b,nStart,nLen);

n = nLen;

}

catch(IOException e)

{

e.printStackTrace ();

}

return n;

}

}

/*

**SiteInfoBean.java

*/

package NetFox;

public class SiteInfoBean {

private String sSiteURL; //Site's URL

private String sFilePath; //Saved File's Path

private String sFileName; //Saved File's Name

private int nSplitter; //Count of Splited Downloading File

public SiteInfoBean()

{

//default value of nSplitter is 5

this("","","",5);

}

public SiteInfoBean(String sURL,String sPath,String sName,int nSpiltter)

{

sSiteURL= sURL;

sFilePath = sPath;

sFileName = sName;

this.nSplitter = nSpiltter;

}

public String getSSiteURL()

{

return sSiteURL;

}

public void setSSiteURL(String value)

{

sSiteURL = value;

}

public String getSFilePath()

{

return sFilePath;

}

public void setSFilePath(String value)

{

sFilePath = value;

}

public String getSFileName()

{

return sFileName;

}

public void setSFileName(String value)

{

sFileName = value;

}

public int getNSplitter()

{

return nSplitter;

}

public void setNSplitter(int nCount)

{

nSplitter = nCount;

}

}

/*

**Utility.java

*/

package NetFox;

public class Utility {

public Utility()

{

}

public static void sleep(int nSecond)

{

try{

Thread.sleep(nSecond);

}

catch(Exception e)

{

e.printStackTrace ();

}

}

public static void log(String sMsg)

{

System.err.println(sMsg);

}

public static void log(int sMsg)

{

System.err.println(sMsg);

}

}

/*

**TestMethod.java

*/

package NetFox;

public class TestMethod {

public TestMethod()

{ ///xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe

try{

SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("http://localhost/xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe","L:\\temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);

//SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("http://localhost:8080/down.zip","L:\\temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);

SiteFileFetch fileFetch = new SiteFileFetch(bean);

fileFetch.start();

}

catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();

}

}

public static void main(String[] args)

{

new TestMethod();

}

}