数据库连接 驱动&连接池方式

我们平时利用持久化架构就完全足够我们使用数据库了，可是就和学习MVC前要先学javaweb一样，我们可以学会利用驱动或者连接池方式去操纵库，这样既可以提升我们对驱动和连接池的认识，也可以更好的帮助理清 驱动、连接池、持久化框架之间的关系。当然这只是其中一节内容

手写 通过驱动直连数据库

JDBC数据库访问底层逻辑（桥接模式）

public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception {
    InputStream is = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("jdbc.properties");
    Properties pros = new Properties();
    pros.load(is);
    String user = pros.getProperty("user");
    String password = pros.getProperty("password");
    String url = pros.getProperty("url");
    String driverClass = pros.getProperty("driverClass");
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
    return conn;
}

手写 通过连接池连接数据库

• Hikari连接池

        Properties properties = new Properties();
        InputStream in = DBService.class.getClass().getResourceAsStream(DB_CONFIG_FILE);
        properties.load(in);

        db_max_conn = Short.valueOf(properties.getProperty("db_max_conn"));
        db_url = String.valueOf(properties.getProperty("db_url"));
        db_port = Short.valueOf(properties.getProperty("db_port"));
        db_name = String.valueOf(properties.getProperty("db_name"));
        db_username = String.valueOf(properties.getProperty("db_username"));
        db_password = String.valueOf(properties.getProperty("db_password"));

        if (db_url == null || db_url.length() == 0) {
            logger.error("配置的数据库ip地址错误!");
            System.exit(0);
        }

        HikariConfig config = new HikariConfig();
        config.setMaximumPoolSize(db_max_conn);
        config.setDataSourceClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlDataSource");
        config.addDataSourceProperty("serverName", db_url);
        config.addDataSourceProperty("port", db_port);
        config.addDataSourceProperty("databaseName", db_name);
        config.addDataSourceProperty("user", db_username);
        config.addDataSourceProperty("password", db_password);
        dataSource = new HikariDataSource(config);

• druid连接池

  		//数据源配置
        DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
        dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"); //这个可以缺省的，会根据url自动识别
        dataSource.setUsername("wzc");
        dataSource.setPassword("123456");

        //可选配置
        dataSource.setInitialSize(10);  //初始连接数，默认0
        dataSource.setMaxActive(30);  //最大连接数，默认8
        dataSource.setMinIdle(10);  //最小闲置数
        dataSource.setMaxWait(2000);  //获取连接的最大等待时间，单位毫秒
        dataSource.setPoolPreparedStatements(true); //缓存PreparedStatement，默认false
        dataSource.setMaxOpenPreparedStatements(20); //缓存PreparedStatement的最大数量，默认-1（不缓存）。大于0时会自动开启缓存PreparedStatement，所以可以省略上一句代码

        //获取连接
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();

        //查询
        Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
        ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery("select * from user");
        while(rs.next()){
            String id = rs.getString("id");
            String name = rs.getString("name");
            System.out.print(id + " ");
            System.out.print(name + " ");
        }
        //关闭连接
        connection.close();

• c3p0连接池

		 ComboPooledDataSource cpds = new ComboPooledDataSource();
         cpds.setDriverClass("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
         cpds.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
         cpds.setUser("wzc");
         cpds.setPassword("123456");
         cpds.setMaxStatements(180);
         Connection connection = cpds.getConnection();
         Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
         ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery("select * from user");
         while(rs.next()){
             String id = rs.getString("id");
             String name = rs.getString("name");
             System.out.print(id + " ");
             System.out.print(name + " ");
         }
         rs.close();
         DataSources.destroy(cpds);

我们在使用连接池，还是要利用驱动的方式，去构建连接