策略模式+Spring消除if-else

为了消除if-else
最近想把消息服务的几种下发方式通过策略模式整理一下,因为用的spring,直接上代码

public interface IMessageService {

    /**
     * 定位策略的key
     *
     * @return key
     */
    String fetchkey();

	//具体执行
    void sent(String msg);
}

@Component
public class IEmailServiceImpl implements IMessageService {

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @Autowired
    EmailUtil emailUtil;

    @Override
    public String fetchkey() {
        return "msg_handle_email";
    }

    @Override
    public void sent(String msg) {...}

@Component
public class ISmsServiceImpl implements IMessageService {

    @Autowired
    SmsUtil smsUtil;
    @Autowired
    RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @Override
    public String fetchkey() {
        return "msg_handle_sms";
    }

    @Override
    public void sent(String msg) {...}

@Component
public class IWechatServiceImpl implements IMessageService {

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @Autowired
    AppWXUtil appWXUtil;

    @Override
    public String fetchkey() {
        return "msg_handle_wechat";
    }

    @Override
    public void sent(String msg) {...}

@Component
public class MessageHandler implements InitializingBean, ApplicationContextAware {

    private Map<String, IMessageService> messageServiceMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(8);

    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    /**
     * 将IMessageService的类都按照定义好的规则（fetchKey），放入messageServiceMap中
     */
    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() {
        Map<String, IMessageService> matchBeans = applicationContext.getBeansOfType(IMessageService.class);
        matchBeans.forEach((key, value) -> messageServiceMap.put(value.fetchkey(), value));
    }

    /**
     * 注入applicationContext
     *
     * @param applicationContext ac
     * @throws BeansException e
     */
    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
    }

    /**
     * 通过key获取对应的策略实现
     *
     * @param key key
     * @return IMessageService
     */
    public IMessageService getMessageSender(String key) {
        return messageServiceMap.get(key);
    }

将来如果需要扩展起来也非常容易：只需在impl目录下添加策略类，定义好对应的策略key，就可以了

关键在于 MessageHandler,它实现了InitializingBean和ApplicationContextAware两个接口。

**实现了ApplicationContextAware接口的类，可以注入applicationContext实例**

实现了ApplicationContextAware接口的类，会重写方法, 可以通过此方法，让当前类拿到applicationContext实例。

public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException

或者通过注解获取;

@Autowired
private ApplicationContext applicationContext；

实现了InitializingBean的类，会在实例化Bean的时候，调用其afterPropertiesSet方法。

在实例化此Bean的时候，我们调用了afterPropertiesSet方法，方法里通过applicationContext对象，拿到所有IMessageService类型的类。然后将每个策略类fetchKey结果作为key，策略类本身作为value，存储到变量messageServiceMap中了。然后当要使用的时候，直接调用getMessageSender方法，根据key来获取策略类。