pom 依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.5-beta6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.5-beta6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId>
<version>3.5-beta6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-contrib</artifactId>
<version>3.5-beta6</version>
</dependency>
工具类:
package com.zbk.tools;
import com.zbk.entity.Excel;
import com.zbk.entity.ReturnResult;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
* Excel相关处理
*/
public class ExcelUtil<T>
{
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExcelUtil.class);
public Class<T> clazz;
public ExcelUtil(Class<T> clazz)
{
this.clazz = clazz;
}
/**
* 用于将科学计数法式的数字转换为常规数字显示,BigDecimal表示。<br>
* 如:6.913084212242E12 转换成:6940282300075
* @param obj as Object
* @return
*/
public static String decimal2string(Object obj){
BigDecimal big = null;
if(obj==null) return "";
if(obj instanceof Date){
String ss = "";
}
if(obj instanceof Number){
double v = ((Number) obj).doubleValue();
big = BigDecimal.valueOf(v);
// String s = big.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
}else{
return obj.toString();
}
return big==null ? "" : big.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
}
public List<T> importExcel(String sheetName, InputStream input) throws Exception
{
List<T> list = new ArrayList<T>();
Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(input);
Sheet sheet = null;
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(sheetName)){
sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
}else{
sheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetName);
}
int rows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
if (rows > 0)
{
// 有数据时才处理 得到类的所有field.
Field[] allFields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
// 定义一个map用于存放列的序号和field.
List< Field> fieldsMap = new ArrayList<>();
for (int col = 0; col < allFields.length; col++)
{
Field field = allFields[col];
// 将有注解的field存放到map中.
if (field.isAnnotationPresent(Excel.class))
{
// 设置类的私有字段属性可访问.
field.setAccessible(true);
fieldsMap.add(field);
}
}
int cellNum = sheet.getRow(0).getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
for (int i = 1; i < rows; i++)
{
// 从第2行开始取数据,默认第一行是表头.
Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
//获取一行所有的单元格的数量
// int cellNum = sheet.getRow(i).getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
T entity = null;
for (int j = 0; j < cellNum; j++)
{
Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
if (cell == null)
{
continue;
}
else
{
cell = row.getCell(j);
}
String c = null;
int cellType = cell.getCellType();
if(cell.getCellType()==Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC)
{
if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
short format = cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormat();
SimpleDateFormat sdf = null;
if (format == 14 || format == 22 || format == 31 || format == 57 || format == 58
|| (176<=format && format<=178) || (182<=format && format<=196)
|| (210<=format && format<=213) || (208==format ) ) { // 日期
sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
} else if (format == 20 || format == 32 || format==183 || (200<=format && format<=209) ) { // 时间
sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm");
} else if (format == 21){
sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss");
}
double value = cell.getNumericCellValue();
Date date = org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil.getJavaDate(value);
try {
c = sdf.format(date);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
// c = DateFormatUtils.format(date, "yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss");
}else{
c = decimal2string(cell.getNumericCellValue());
}
}else c = cell.getStringCellValue();
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(c))
{
continue;
}
c= replaceBlank(c);
// 如果不存在实例则新建.
entity = entity == null ? clazz.newInstance() : entity;
// 从map中得到对应列的field.
Field field = fieldsMap.get(j);
// 取得类型,并根据对象类型设置值.
Class<?> fieldType = field.getType();
// Class<?> fieldType = String.class;
if (String.class == fieldType)
{
field.set(entity, String.valueOf(c));
}
else if ((Integer.TYPE == fieldType) || (Integer.class == fieldType))
{
field.set(entity, Integer.parseInt(c));
}
else if ((Long.TYPE == fieldType) || (Long.class == fieldType))
{
field.set(entity, Long.valueOf(c));
}
else if ((Float.TYPE == fieldType) || (Float.class == fieldType))
{
field.set(entity, Float.valueOf(c));
}
else if ((Short.TYPE == fieldType) || (Short.class == fieldType))
{
field.set(entity, Short.valueOf(c));
}
else if ((Double.TYPE == fieldType) || (Double.class == fieldType))
{
field.set(entity, Double.valueOf(c));
}
else if (Character.TYPE == fieldType)
{
if ((c != null) && (c.length() > 0))
{
field.set(entity, Character.valueOf(c.charAt(0)));
}
}
else if (Date.class == fieldType)
{
if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC)
{
field.set(entity, c);
}
else
{
c = cell.getStringCellValue();
}
}
else if (BigDecimal.class == fieldType)
{
c = cell.getStringCellValue();
}
}
if (entity != null)
{
list.add(entity);
}
}
}
return list;
}
/**
* 导出excel到网络(直接将http)
*
* @param list
* @param sheetName
* @param response
* @return
*/
public void exportExcelToWeb(List<T> list, String sheetName, HttpServletResponse response) {
// 告诉浏览器用什么软件可以打开此文件
response.setContentType("multipart/form-data");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
try {
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(sheetName + ".xls", "utf-8"));
this.exportExcel(list,sheetName,response.getOutputStream());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void download(List<T> list, String sheetName, HttpServletResponse response) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
// 告诉浏览器用什么软件可以打开此文件
response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
String fileName =df.format(new Date())+"导出数据";
fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8");
try {
response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" +fileName + ".xls");
this.exportExcel(list,sheetName,response.getOutputStream());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 导出excel到指定路径
*
* @param list
* @param sheetName
* @param path
* @return
*/
public ReturnResult exportExcelToPath(List<T> list, String sheetName, String path) {
ReturnResult returnResult = null;
try {
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(path);
returnResult = this.exportExcel(list,sheetName,out);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return returnResult;
}
/**
* 对list数据源将其里面的数据导入到excel表单
*
* 通过制定out,实现导出到磁盘/网络
*
* @param sheetName 工作表的名称
*/
public ReturnResult exportExcel(List<T> list, String sheetName,OutputStream out) {
// 得到所有定义字段
Field[] allFields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<Field>();
// 得到所有field并存放到一个list中.
for (Field field : allFields) {
if (field.isAnnotationPresent(Excel.class)) {
fields.add(field);
}
}
// 产生工作薄对象
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
// excel2003中每个sheet中最多有65536行
int sheetSize = 65536;
// 取出一共有多少个sheet.
double sheetNo = Math.ceil(list.size() / sheetSize);
for (int index = 0; index <= sheetNo; index++) {
// 产生工作表对象
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
if (sheetNo == 0) {
workbook.setSheetName(index, sheetName);
} else {
// 设置工作表的名称.
workbook.setSheetName(index, sheetName + index);
}
HSSFRow row;
HSSFCell cell; // 产生单元格
// 产生一行
row = sheet.createRow(0);
// 写入各个字段的列头名称
for (int i = 0; i < fields.size(); i++) {
Field field = fields.get(i);
Excel attr = field.getAnnotation(Excel.class);
// 创建列
cell = row.createCell(i);
// 设置列中写入内容为String类型
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
if (attr.name().indexOf("注:") >= 0) {
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setColor(HSSFFont.COLOR_RED);
cellStyle.setFont(font);
cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_YELLOW.index);
sheet.setColumnWidth(i, 6000);
} else {
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
// 粗体显示
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
// 选择需要用到的字体格式
cellStyle.setFont(font);
cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_YELLOW.index);
// 设置列宽
sheet.setColumnWidth(i, 3766);
}
cellStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
cellStyle.setWrapText(true);
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
// 写入列名
cell.setCellValue(attr.name());
// 如果设置了提示信息则鼠标放上去提示.
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(attr.prompt())) {
// 这里默认设了2-101列提示.
setHSSFPrompt(sheet, "", attr.prompt(), 1, 100, i, i);
}
// 如果设置了combo属性则本列只能选择不能输入
if (attr.combo().length > 0) {
// 这里默认设了2-101列只能选择不能输入.
setHSSFValidation(sheet, attr.combo(), 1, 100, i, i);
}
}
int startNo = index * sheetSize;
int endNo = Math.min(startNo + sheetSize, list.size());
// 写入各条记录,每条记录对应excel表中的一行
HSSFCellStyle cs = workbook.createCellStyle();
cs.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
cs.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
for (int i = startNo; i < endNo; i++) {
row = sheet.createRow(i + 1 - startNo);
// 得到导出对象.
T vo = (T) list.get(i);
for (int j = 0; j < fields.size(); j++) {
// 获得field.
Field field = fields.get(j);
// 设置实体类私有属性可访问
field.setAccessible(true);
Excel attr = field.getAnnotation(Excel.class);
try {
// 根据Excel中设置情况决定是否导出,有些情况需要保持为空,希望用户填写这一列.
if (attr.isExport()) {
// 创建cell
cell = row.createCell(j);
cell.setCellStyle(cs);
try {
if (String.valueOf(field.get(vo)).length() > 10) {
throw new Exception("长度超过10位就不用转数字了");
}
// 如果可以转成数字则导出为数字类型
BigDecimal bc = new BigDecimal(String.valueOf(field.get(vo)));
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
cell.setCellValue(bc.doubleValue());
} catch (Exception e) {
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
if (vo == null) {
// 如果数据存在就填入,不存在填入空格.
cell.setCellValue("");
} else {
// 如果数据存在就填入,不存在填入空格.
cell.setCellValue(field.get(vo) == null ? "" : String.valueOf(field.get(vo)));
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
log.error("导出Excel失败{}", e.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
try {
String filename = encodingFilename(sheetName);
//OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(getfile() + filename);
workbook.write(out);
out.close();
ReturnResult returnResult = new ReturnResult();
returnResult.setMsg("filename");
returnResult.setCode(1);
return returnResult;
}
catch (Exception e) {
log.error("关闭flush失败{}", e.getMessage());
ReturnResult returnResult = new ReturnResult();
returnResult.setMsg("导出Excel失败,请联系网站管理员!");
returnResult.setCode(-1);
return returnResult;
}
}
/**
* 设置单元格上提示
*
* @param sheet 要设置的sheet.
* @param promptTitle 标题
* @param promptContent 内容
* @param firstRow 开始行
* @param endRow 结束行
* @param firstCol 开始列
* @param endCol 结束列
* @return 设置好的sheet.
*/
public static HSSFSheet setHSSFPrompt(HSSFSheet sheet, String promptTitle, String promptContent, int firstRow,
int endRow, int firstCol, int endCol)
{
// 构造constraint对象
DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint.createCustomFormulaConstraint("DD1");
// 四个参数分别是:起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow, endRow, firstCol, endCol);
// 数据有效性对象
HSSFDataValidation dataValidationView = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);
dataValidationView.createPromptBox(promptTitle, promptContent);
sheet.addValidationData(dataValidationView);
return sheet;
}
/**
* 设置某些列的值只能输入预制的数据,显示下拉框.
*
* @param sheet 要设置的sheet.
* @param textlist 下拉框显示的内容
* @param firstRow 开始行
* @param endRow 结束行
* @param firstCol 开始列
* @param endCol 结束列
* @return 设置好的sheet.
*/
public static HSSFSheet setHSSFValidation(HSSFSheet sheet, String[] textlist, int firstRow, int endRow,
int firstCol, int endCol)
{
// 加载下拉列表内容
DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint.createExplicitListConstraint(textlist);
// 设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上,四个参数分别是:起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow, endRow, firstCol, endCol);
// 数据有效性对象
HSSFDataValidation dataValidationList = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);
sheet.addValidationData(dataValidationList);
return sheet;
}
/**
* 编码文件名
*/
public String encodingFilename(String filename)
{
filename = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "_" + filename + ".xls";
return filename;
}
public String replaceBlank(String str) {
String dest = "";
if (str!=null) {
Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\s*|\t|\r|\n");
Matcher m = p.matcher(str);
dest = m.replaceAll("");
}
return dest;
}
}
自定义注解
import java.lang.annotation.*;
/**
* 自定义导出Excel数据注解
*/
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Documented
public @interface Excel
{
/**
* 导出到Excel中的名字.
*/
public abstract String name();
/**
* 提示信息
*/
public abstract String prompt() default "";
/**
* 设置只能选择不能输入的列内容.
*/
public abstract String[] combo() default {};
/**
* 是否导出数据,应对需求:有时我们需要导出一份模板,这是标题需要但内容需要用户手工填写.
*/
public abstract boolean isExport() default true;
}
实体类
import java.io.Serializable;
public class ExcelTest implements Serializable{
@Excel(name = "编号/属性 ")
private String numTest;
@Excel(name = "姓名")
private String nameTest;
@Excel(name = "年龄")
private String ageTest;
@Excel(name = "年级")
private String grAgeTest;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "ExcelTest{" +
"numTest='" + numTest + '\'' +
", nameTest='" + nameTest + '\'' +
", ageTest='" + ageTest + '\'' +
", grAgeTest='" + grAgeTest + '\'' +
'}';
}
public void setNumTest(String numTest) {
this.numTest = numTest;
}
public void setNameTest(String nameTest) {
this.nameTest = nameTest;
}
public void setAgeTest(String ageTest) {
this.ageTest = ageTest;
}
public void setGrAgeTest(String grAgeTest) {
this.grAgeTest = grAgeTest;
}
public String getNumTest() {
return numTest;
}
public String getNameTest() {
return nameTest;
}
public String getAgeTest() {
return ageTest;
}
public String getGrAgeTest() {
return grAgeTest;
}
public ExcelTest(String numTest, String nameTest, String ageTest, String grAgeTest) {
this.numTest = numTest;
this.nameTest = nameTest;
this.ageTest = ageTest;
this.grAgeTest = grAgeTest;
}
public ExcelTest() {
}
}