http断点续传java_用 Java 实现断点续传参考 (HTTP)

断点续传的原理

其实断点续传的原理很简单,就是在 Http 的请求上和一般的下载有所不同而已。        打个比方,浏览器请求服务器上的一个文时,所发出的请求如下:        假设服务器域名为 wwww.sjtu.edu.cn,文件名为 down.zip。 GET /down.zip HTTP/1.1         Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms-         excel, application/msword, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, */*         Accept-Language: zh-cn         Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate         User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0)         Connection: Keep-Alive

服务器收到请求后,按要求寻找请求的文件,提取文件的信息,然后返回给浏览器,返回信息如下:

200         Content-Length=106786028         Accept-Ranges=bytes         Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT         ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"        Content-Type=application/octet-stream         Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0         Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT

所谓断点续传,也就是要从文件已经下载的地方开始继续下载。所以在客户端浏览器传给 Web 服务器的时候要多加一条信息 -- 从哪里开始。        下面是用自己编的一个"浏览器"来传递请求信息给 Web 服务器,要求从 2000070 字节开始。        GET /down.zip HTTP/1.0         User-Agent: NetFox         RANGE: bytes=2000070-         Accept: text/html, image/gif, image/jpeg, *; q=.2, */*; q=.2

仔细看一下就会发现多了一行 RANGE: bytes=2000070-         这一行的意思就是告诉服务器 down.zip 这个文件从 2000070 字节开始传,前面的字节不用传了。        服务器收到这个请求以后,返回的信息如下:        206         Content-Length=106786028         Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028         Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT         ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"        Content-Type=application/octet-stream         Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0         Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT

和前面服务器返回的信息比较一下,就会发现增加了一行:        Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028         返回的代码也改为 206 了,而不再是 200 了。

知道了以上原理,就可以进行断点续传的编程了。

Java 实现断点续传的关键几点

(1) 用什么方法实现提交 RANGE: bytes=2000070-。          当然用最原始的 Socket 是肯定能完成的,不过那样太费事了,其实 Java 的 net 包中提供了这种功能。代码如下:

URL url = new URL("http://www.sjtu.edu.cn/down.zip");           HttpURLConnection httpConnection =  (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();

// 设置 User-Agent           httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");           // 设置断点续传的开始位置          httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE","bytes=2000070");           // 获得输入流          InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();

从输入流中取出的字节流就是 down.zip 文件从 2000070 开始的字节流。 大家看,其实断点续传用 Java 实现起来还是很简单的吧。 接下来要做的事就是怎么保存获得的流到文件中去了。

保存文件采用的方法。          我采用的是 IO 包中的 RandAccessFile 类。          操作相当简单,假设从 2000070 处开始保存文件,代码如下:          RandomAccess oSavedFile = new  RandomAccessFile("down.zip","rw");           long nPos = 2000070;           // 定位文件指针到 nPos 位置          oSavedFile.seek(nPos);           byte[] b = new byte[1024];           int nRead;           // 从输入流中读入字节流,然后写到文件中          while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0)           {           oSavedFile.write(b,0,nRead);           }

怎么样,也很简单吧。 接下来要做的就是整合成一个完整的程序了。包括一系列的线程控制等等。

断点续传内核的实现

主要用了 6 个类,包括一个测试类。        SiteFileFetch.java 负责整个文件的抓取,控制内部线程 (FileSplitterFetch 类 )。        FileSplitterFetch.java 负责部分文件的抓取。        FileAccess.java 负责文件的存储。        SiteInfoBean.java 要抓取的文件的信息,如文件保存的目录,名字,抓取文件的 URL 等。        Utility.java 工具类,放一些简单的方法。        TestMethod.java 测试类。

下面是源程序:

/*/*

* SiteFileFetch.java*/package NetFox;

import java.io.*;

import java.net.*;public classSiteFileFetch extends Thread {

SiteInfoBean siteInfoBean= null; //文件信息 Bean

long[] nStartPos; //开始位置

long[] nEndPos; //结束位置

FileSplitterFetch[] fileSplitterFetch; //子线程对象

long nFileLength; //文件长度

boolean bFirst = true; //是否第一次取文件

boolean bStop = false; //停止标志

File tmpFile; //文件下载的临时信息

DataOutputStream output; //输出到文件的输出流

publicSiteFileFetch(SiteInfoBean bean) throws IOException

{

siteInfoBean=bean;//tmpFile = File.createTempFile ("zhong","1111",new File(bean.getSFilePath()));

tmpFile = new File(bean.getSFilePath()+File.separator + bean.getSFileName()+".info");if(tmpFile.exists ())

{

bFirst= false;

read_nPos();

}else{

nStartPos= new long[bean.getNSplitter()];

nEndPos= new long[bean.getNSplitter()];

}

}public voidrun()

{//获得文件长度//分割文件//实例 FileSplitterFetch//启动 FileSplitterFetch 线程//等待子线程返回

try{if(bFirst)

{

nFileLength=getFileSize();if(nFileLength == -1)

{

System.err.println("File Length is not known!");

}else if(nFileLength == -2)

{

System.err.println("File is not access!");

}else{for(int i=0;i

{

nStartPos[i]= (long)(i*(nFileLength/nStartPos.length));

}for(int i=0;i

{

nEndPos[i]= nStartPos[i+1];

}

nEndPos[nEndPos.length-1] =nFileLength;

}

}//启动子线程

fileSplitterFetch = newFileSplitterFetch[nStartPos.length];for(int i=0;i

{

fileSplitterFetch[i]= newFileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),

siteInfoBean.getSFilePath()+ File.separator +siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),

nStartPos[i],nEndPos[i],i);

Utility.log("Thread" + i + ", nStartPos =" + nStartPos[i] + ", nEndPos ="

+nEndPos[i]);

fileSplitterFetch[i].start();

}//fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),

siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() +File.separator+ siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),nPos[nPos.length-1],nFileLength,nPos.length-1);//Utility.log("Thread " +(nPos.length-1) + ",nStartPos = "+nPos[nPos.length-1]+",

nEndPos = "+ nFileLength);

//fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1].start();//等待子线程结束//int count = 0;//是否结束 while 循环

boolean breakWhile = false;while(!bStop)

{

write_nPos();

Utility.sleep(500);

breakWhile= true;for(int i=0;i

{if(!fileSplitterFetch[i].bDownOver)

{

breakWhile= false;break;

}

}if(breakWhile)break;//count++;//if(count>4)//siteStop();

}

System.err.println("文件下载结束!");

}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}//获得文件长度

public longgetFileSize()

{int nFileLength = -1;try{

URL url= newURL(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL());

HttpURLConnection httpConnection=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();

httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");int responseCode=httpConnection.getResponseCode();if(responseCode>=400)

{

processErrorCode(responseCode);return -2; //-2 represent access is error

}

String sHeader;for(int i=1;;i++)

{//DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(httpConnection.getInputStream ());//Utility.log(in.readLine());

sHeader=httpConnection.getHeaderFieldKey(i);if(sHeader!=null)

{if(sHeader.equals("Content-Length"))

{

nFileLength=Integer.parseInt(httpConnection.getHeaderField(sHeader));break;

}

}else

break;

}

}catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

Utility.log(nFileLength);returnnFileLength;

}//保存下载信息(文件指针位置)

private voidwrite_nPos()

{try{

output= new DataOutputStream(newFileOutputStream(tmpFile));

output.writeInt(nStartPos.length);for(int i=0;i

{//output.writeLong(nPos[i]);

output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nStartPos);

output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nEndPos);

}

output.close();

}catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}//读取保存的下载信息(文件指针位置)

private voidread_nPos()

{try{

DataInputStream input= new DataInputStream(newFileInputStream(tmpFile));int nCount =input.readInt();

nStartPos= new long[nCount];

nEndPos= new long[nCount];for(int i=0;i

{

nStartPos[i]=input.readLong();

nEndPos[i]=input.readLong();

}

input.close();

}catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}private void processErrorCode(intnErrorCode)

{

System.err.println("Error Code :" +nErrorCode);

}//停止文件下载

public voidsiteStop()

{

bStop= true;for(int i=0;i

fileSplitterFetch[i].splitterStop();

}

}/***FileSplitterFetch.java*/package NetFox;

import java.io.*;

import java.net.*;public classFileSplitterFetch extends Thread {

String sURL;//File URL

long nStartPos; //File Snippet Start Position

long nEndPos; //File Snippet End Position

int nThreadID; //Thread's ID

boolean bDownOver = false; //Downing is over

boolean bStop = false; //Stop identical

FileAccessI fileAccessI = null; //File Access interface

public FileSplitterFetch(String sURL,String sName,long nStart,long nEnd,intid)

throws IOException

{this.sURL =sURL;this.nStartPos =nStart;this.nEndPos =nEnd;

nThreadID=id;

fileAccessI= newFileAccessI(sName,nStartPos);

}public voidrun()

{while(nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)

{try{

URL url= newURL(sURL);

HttpURLConnection httpConnection=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();

httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");

String sProperty= "bytes="+nStartPos+"-";

httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE",sProperty);

Utility.log(sProperty);

InputStream input=httpConnection.getInputStream();//logResponseHead(httpConnection);

byte[] b = new byte[1024];intnRead;while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0 && nStartPos

{

nStartPos+= fileAccessI.write(b,0,nRead);//if(nThreadID == 1)//Utility.log("nStartPos = " + nStartPos + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos);

}

Utility.log("Thread" + nThreadID + "is over!");

bDownOver= true;//nPos = fileAccessI.write (b,0,nRead);

}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}

}//打印回应的头信息

public voidlogResponseHead(HttpURLConnection con)

{for(int i=1;;i++)

{

String header=con.getHeaderFieldKey(i);if(header!=null)//responseHeaders.put(header,httpConnection.getHeaderField(header));

Utility.log(header+":"+con.getHeaderField(header));else

break;

}

}public voidsplitterStop()

{

bStop= true;

}

}/***FileAccess.java*/package NetFox;

import java.io.*;public classFileAccessI implements Serializable{

RandomAccessFile oSavedFile;longnPos;publicFileAccessI() throws IOException

{this("",0);

}public FileAccessI(String sName,longnPos) throws IOException

{

oSavedFile= new RandomAccessFile(sName,"rw");this.nPos =nPos;

oSavedFile.seek(nPos);

}public synchronized int write(byte[] b,int nStart,intnLen)

{int n = -1;try{

oSavedFile.write(b,nStart,nLen);

n=nLen;

}catch(IOException e)

{

e.printStackTrace ();

}returnn;

}

}/***SiteInfoBean.java*/package NetFox;public classSiteInfoBean {private String sSiteURL; //Site's URL

private String sFilePath; //Saved File's Path

private String sFileName; //Saved File's Name

private int nSplitter; //Count of Splited Downloading File

publicSiteInfoBean()

{//default value of nSplitter is 5

this("","","",5);

}public SiteInfoBean(String sURL,String sPath,String sName,intnSpiltter)

{

sSiteURL=sURL;

sFilePath=sPath;

sFileName=sName;this.nSplitter =nSpiltter;

}publicString getSSiteURL()

{returnsSiteURL;

}public voidsetSSiteURL(String value)

{

sSiteURL=value;

}publicString getSFilePath()

{returnsFilePath;

}public voidsetSFilePath(String value)

{

sFilePath=value;

}publicString getSFileName()

{returnsFileName;

}public voidsetSFileName(String value)

{

sFileName=value;

}public intgetNSplitter()

{returnnSplitter;

}public void setNSplitter(intnCount)

{

nSplitter=nCount;

}

}/***Utility.java*/package NetFox;public classUtility {publicUtility()

{

}public static void sleep(intnSecond)

{try{

Thread.sleep(nSecond);

}catch(Exception e)

{

e.printStackTrace ();

}

}public static voidlog(String sMsg)

{

System.err.println(sMsg);

}public static void log(intsMsg)

{

System.err.println(sMsg);

}

}/***TestMethod.java*/package NetFox;public classTestMethod {publicTestMethod()

{///xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe

try{

SiteInfoBean bean= new SiteInfoBean("http://localhost/xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe","L:\\temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);//SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("http://localhost:8080/down.zip","L:\\temp",

"weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);

SiteFileFetch fileFetch= newSiteFileFetch(bean);

fileFetch.start();

}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

}public static voidmain(String[] args)

{newTestMethod();

}

}

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