昨天根据教程写了这么一个小demo,算是解开了对于dubbo的迷惑,在此做一下记录,避免再次踩坑,同时能为后来者指路。
先来看一下项目结构然后我们从创建项目开始讲起
项目结构
- dubbodemo 普通的maven项目
- demo-common 公共接口和实体类模块
- demo-consumer 消费者模块
- demo-provider 提供者模块
其中 dubbodemo 模块 是其余三个模块的父模块
demo-common模块要打成jar包,消费者模块和提供者都要依赖demo-common的jar包
1.我们启动zookeeper注册中心和Dubbo Admin管理中心。
这方面不明白可以参考
zookeeper环境搭建、、、、、Dubbo管理控制台搭建
2.创建一个maven,名称自起,这里我起名为dubbodemo。
这里创建一个普通的maven项目即可
接下来需要创建公共模块,消费者模块,提供者模块。都可以创建为普通maven工程。
创建过程就不再赘述
3.我们先去准备公共模块demo-common
很简单的一个实体类,同时存在两个接口。
User.java
package com.zto.wy.dto;
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
public User() {
super();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
public User(Integer id, String username, String password) {
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
UserService.java
package com.zto.wy.service;
import com.zto.wy.dto.User;
import java.util.List;
/**
* user服务
*/
public interface UserService {
/**
* 根据id得到user
* @param id
* @return
*/
public User getUserById(String id);
/**
* 得到所搜user
* @return
*/
public List<User> list();
}
OrderService.java
package com.zto.wy.service;
public interface OrderService {
/**
* 初始化订单
*/
public void initOrder(String userId);
}
注意:此博客只为说明dubbo项目的创建,其中的方法并没有实际的业务需求
接下来将公共模块打包成jar包
完成后打开target查看
4.然后我们准备服务的提供者
首先在pom.xml文件中引入dubbo相关的依赖,包括刚刚我们公共模块的jar包
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
<groupId>com.zto.dubbo</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>demo-provider</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--引入dubbo-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--引入操作zookeeper客户端-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.6</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.zto.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>demo-common</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>6</source>
<target>6</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
项目结构如下
UserServiceImpl是UserService的实现类,MainApplication是服务的启动类
UserServiceImpl.java
package com.zto.wy.service.impl;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import com.zto.wy.dto.User;
import com.zto.wy.service.UserService;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 1、将服务提供者注册到注册中心(暴露服务)
* 1)、导入dubbo依赖\操作zooleeper的客户端(curator)
* 2)、配置服务者
* 2、让消费者其注册中心订阅服务提供者的服务地址
*/
public class UserServiceImlp implements UserService {
@Override
public User getUserById(String id) {
User user = new User(1, "wangyeu", "123");
return user;
}
public List<User> list() {
User user1 = new User(1, "wangyeu", "123");
User user2 = new User(2, "wang2", "123456");
return Arrays.asList(user1,user2);
}
}
MainApplication.java
package com.zto.wy;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("provider.xml");
context.start();
System.out.println("started...");
System.in.read();
}
}
现在开始服务方的配置,此处很重要!!!
在resources文件夹下新建provider.xml文件
provider.xml
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!--1.指定当前服务、应用的名字(同样的服务名字相同,不要和别的服务同名)-->
<dubbo:application name="demo-provider"></dubbo:application>
<!--2.指定注册中心的位置-->
<!--<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"></dubbo:registry>-->
<dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="127.0.0.1:2181"></dubbo:registry>
<!--3.制定通信规则(通信协议,通信端口)-->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"></dubbo:protocol>
<!--4.暴露服务 ref指向服务真正的实现对象-->
<dubbo:service interface="com.zto.wy.service.UserService" ref="userServiceImpl"></dubbo:service>
<!--服务的实现-->
<bean id="userServiceImpl" class="com.zto.wy.service.impl.UserServiceImlp"></bean>
</beans>
以上操作完成之后,启动服务
现在上管理控制台可以看看,管理控制台使用的端口是7001.
打开浏览器输入localhost:7001就可以看到了
此时还没有消费者,因此消费者数为0
如果出现异常Caused by: org.apache.curator.CuratorConnectionLossException: KeeperErrorCode = ConnectionLoss
可能是防火墙的问题,关闭防火墙,重启zkServer试试
5.编写服务消费者
OrderServiceImpl.java
package com.zto.wy.service.impl;
import com.zto.wy.dto.User;
import com.zto.wy.service.OrderService;
import com.zto.wy.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
@Autowired
UserService userService;
@Override
public void initOrder(String userId) {
System.out.println("id"+userId);
//1.查询用户的收货地址
List<User> userList = userService.list();
for (User user: userList) {
System.out.println(user.toString());
}
}
}
MainApplication.java
package com.zto.wy;
import com.zto.wy.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("consumer.xml");
OrderService bean = context.getBean(OrderService.class);
bean.initOrder("1");
System.out.println("调用完成");
System.in.read();
}
}
cousumer.xml
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zto.wy.service.impl"></context:component-scan>
<dubbo:application name="demo-consumer"></dubbo:application>
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"></dubbo:registry>
<!--声明需要调用的远程服务的接口,生成远程服务代理-->
<dubbo:reference interface="com.zto.wy.service.UserService" id="UserService"></dubbo:reference>
</beans>
注意:配置文件 <dubbo:reference interface="com.zto.wy.service.UserService" id="UserService"> 这句代码中的interface值是服务端中暴露出的接口。。。
最后回到demo-common中修改一下实体类User,让User实现java.io.Serializable否则会报异常(既声明User可序列化)
注意@Service注解引用的是org.springframework.stereotype.Service
最后启动应用,整个Dubbo的入门案例就完成了!!!