swif元组 字符串 基本使用

直接上代码 拷贝到工程里 系统学习

// 1.字符 字符串
// 2.控制流

import Foundation

//print("Hello, World!")

// 字符 Character  "A","o","1"  "\n"   "\u{n}" ,n表示16进制数

var s:Character = "想"
var q1 = "\""
var q2 = "\u{22}"

print("\(s)\(q1)\(q2)")

//字符串 String
//(1)类型

var name = "fkit.org"
var myBook:String = "八维教育"

var str = String()
var str1:String = ""

//print(name+str+str1+myBook)

//print(name.isEmpty)

//(2)字符串可变性 let var

//(3)字符索引

var str3 = "asdfghj"
//print(str3.count)
//字符个数 characters.count   count

//print("str3包含的字符个数：\(str3.count)")

//遍历字符串 for-in  字符所在的位置 index 字符的存储大小不同
//startIndex获取字符串中第一个字符的索引
//print("str3的第一个字符：\(str3[str3.startIndex])")
//print(str3[str3.index(after: str3.startIndex)])
//print("str3的第一个字符的后一个字符：\(str3[str3.index(after: str3.startIndex)])")
//endIndex获取字符串最后一个字符的后一个字符的索引
//print(str3[str3.endIndex])
//print("str3的末尾字符：\(str3[str3.index(before: str3.endIndex)])")
//print("\(str3[str3.index(before: <#T##String.Index#>)])")
//第4个字符
//let index = str3.index(str3.startIndex, offsetBy: 3)
let index = str3.index(str3.startIndex, offsetBy: 3)

//print("第4个字符为：\(str3[index])")

for str11 in str3{
    
   // print(str11)
}

for index1 in str3.indices{
    
  // print(str3[index1])
}

//（4）基本操作

var str4 = "fkit"
let dot:Character = "."

//1)添加单个字符
//str4.append("org")
str4.append(dot)
//print(str4)
//2)添加字符串
str4.append(contentsOf: "org")
//print(str4)
//3)插入单个字符
//str4.insert(<#T##newElement: Character##Character#>, at: <#T##String.Index#>)
str4.insert("!", at: str4.index(str4.startIndex, offsetBy: 4))
print(str4)
//4)插入字符串
str4.insert(contentsOf: " is a training center", at: str4.index(str4.startIndex, offsetBy: 4))
print(str4)

//5)删除指定索引字符
str4.remove(at: str4.index(str4.endIndex, offsetBy: -5))
//print(str4)
//6)删除指定范围字符串
str4.removeSubrange(str4.index(str4.endIndex, offsetBy: -25)..<str4.index(str4.endIndex, offsetBy: -4))
//print(str4)

//7)替换指定范围内字符
str4.replaceSubrange(str4.startIndex..<str4.index(str4.startIndex, offsetBy: 4), with: "bawe")

//print(str4)

//(5) 字符串比较 相等 前端相等 后端相等

var str5 = "fkit.org"
var str6 = String()
str6 = str5 + str6
//print(str5==str6)

let hasFk:Bool = str5.hasPrefix("fk")
//print("\(hasFk)")

let hasOrg:Bool = str5.hasSuffix("org")
//print("\(hasOrg)")


//2.控制流  分支结构和循环结构 顺序结构
//(1)分支结构 if（简单情况） 和switch（复杂情况）

// if 主要是 条件不佳括号

let age = 45
if age>30 {
    
}


//switch 没有break

// 范围匹配
let score = 99
switch score {
case 91...100:
    print("优秀")
case 71...90:
    print("良好")
default:
    print("不及格")
}
//元祖匹配  (坐标系)
let somePoint = (x:1,y:4)

switch somePoint{

case (0,0):
    print("原点")
case (_,0):
    print("X轴")
case (0,_):
    print("Y轴")
case (0..<Int.max,0..<Int.max):
    print("第一象限")
default:
    break;
}

//(2)循环结构
//while 条件不加()
//var count = 0
//while count<10 {
//
//}

//for-in循环
var max = 7
var result = 1
for num in 1..<max {
    
    result += num
}


var num = Int("100")
var newNum = num ?? 222
print(newNum)

var data = Int("100d")



print(data ?? "转换失败")




//打印九九乘法表
for index_r in 1...9{
    for index_l in 1...9{
        if index_l <= index_r{
            print("\(index_r)*\(index_l) =\(index_r * index_l)")
        }
    }
    print("\n")
}