Java设计模式之装饰器模式

定义

装饰器模式（Decorator Pattern）允许向一个现有的对象添加新的功能，同时又不改变其结构。也就是动态地给一个对象添加一些额外的职责。

例子

我们用装修房子为例子，一开始是空房子，房子可以刷上墙漆，添上家具，变成了精装房子。

public interface IHouse {
    void house();
}

public class House implements IHouse{
    @Override
    public void house() {
        System.out.println("空房子");
    }
}

装饰器

public class HouseDecorator implements IHouse {

    private IHouse house;

    public HouseDecorator(IHouse house) {
        this.house = house;
    }

    @Override
    public void house() {
        house.house();
    }
}

public class FurnitureHouse extends HouseDecorator {
    FurnitureHouse(IHouse house) {
        super(house);
    }

    private void furniture() {
        System.out.println("装上家具");
    }

    @Override
    public void house() {
        super.house();
        furniture();
    }
}

public class BrushPaintHouse extends HouseDecorator {
    BrushPaintHouse(IHouse house) {
        super(house);
    }

    private void brushPaint() {
        System.out.println("刷上墙漆");
    }

    @Override
    public void house() {
        super.house();
        brushPaint();
    }
}

测试类

public class DecoratorPatternTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        House house = new House();
        house.house();

        BrushPaintHouse brushPaintHouse = new BrushPaintHouse(house);
        brushPaintHouse.house();

        FurnitureHouse sofaHouse = new FurnitureHouse(brushPaintHouse);
        sofaHouse.house();

    }
}

执行结果