原标题:关于MySQL的锁和InnoDB Lock
About lock in MySQL and InnoDB lock
I reside in the present.
实验环境
MySQL 5.7.21 on docker^1
主要内容
MySQL Lock
InnoDB Lock
Deadlock MySQL中四种类型的锁
Table, 表锁
Row, 表锁
Page, 页锁
Matedata, 元数据锁
其中,page lock only in BDB storage engine. Metadata Lock
检查锁状态 mysql -uroot
-e
"show processlist\G" | tee processlist.log mysql -uroot
-e
"show engine innodb status\G" | tee innodb-status.log
关键参数
锁超时, lock_wait_timeout,默认值31536000s(1year) InnoDB Lock
两个特点 支持事务 行级锁
四个问题 更新丢失, Lost Update 脏读, Dirty Reads 不可重复读, Non-Repeatable Reads 幻读, Phantom Reads
两个级别 InnoDB Row Lock, InnoDB行锁 InnoDB Table Lock, InnoDB表锁
四种实现形式 共享锁 排他锁 意向共享锁 意向排他锁 检查InnoDB Lock状态 02:25:53 (root@localhost) [(none)]> show status like 'innodb_row_lock%'; +-------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-------------------------------+-------+ | Innodb_row_lock_current_waits | 0 | | Innodb_row_lock_time | 0 | | Innodb_row_lock_time_avg | 0 | | Innodb_row_lock_time_max | 0 | | Innodb_row_lock_waits | 0 | +-------------------------------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) select * from information_schema.innodb_locks\G select * from information_schema.innodb_lock_waits\G select * from information_schema.innodb_trx\G -- processlist SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST; InnoDB Row Lock
InnoDB实现的两种类型行锁
S Lock (Shared lock, 共享锁)
X Lock (Exclusive lock, 排他锁)
一般来说,读写操作的锁不同。读锁(或叫共享锁)允许并发线程读取加锁的数据,但禁止写数据。相反,写锁(或叫排他锁)阻止其他线程的读写操作。
InnoDB行锁的三种算法
Record lock
Gap lock
Next-key lock:Record Lock + Gap Lock, 锁定一个范围,并且锁定记录本身
如果不通过索引条件检索数据,那么InnDB将对表中的所有记录加锁,实际效果跟表锁一样!
SQL优化或是检查锁的时候,还需要注意表数据量和相关SQL语句的索引(explain)使用状况。
对于键值在条件范围内但不存在的记录,叫“间隙(GAP)”。 InnoDB Table Lock
InnoDB内部使用的两种表级意向锁(Intention Lock)
IS, Intention Share Lock, 意向共享锁
IX, Intention Exclusive Lock, 意向排他锁 Reference
https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=989
MySQL排错指南 Chapter 2
深入浅出MySQL Chapter 20 锁问题
深入浅出MySQL Chapter 20.3.9 关于死锁
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-deadlock-detection.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-locking.html
https://shawn0915.github.io/mysql/2018/02/20/mysql-lock.html Footnotes
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