1.安装官方给的opencv依赖包
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential
$ sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
$ sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev # 处理图像所需的包
$ sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev liblapacke-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev # 处理视频所需的包
$ sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran # 优化opencv功能
$ sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libvtk5-dev libjpeg-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libopenexr-dev libtbb-dev
2.下载opencv3.2.0
$ wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/3.2.0.zip # 从github上直接下载或者clone也可
$ unzip 3.2.0.zip
3.配置编译opencv (无NVIDIA CUDA版本)
$ cd opencv-3.2.0
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake ..
$ make
$ sudo make install
$ sudo build
4.测试opencv是否安装成功,在python中调用
$ python
>>import cv2
>>