android设备间实现无线投屏的示例代码

Android提供了MediaProjection来实现录屏，通过MediaProjection可以获取当前屏幕的视频流，而视频流需要通过编解码来压缩进行传输，通过MediaCodec可实现视频的编码和解码，这篇文章主要介绍了android设备间实现无线投屏,需要的朋友可以参考下。

前言

Android提供了MediaProjection来实现录屏，通过MediaProjection可以获取当前屏幕的视频流，而视频流需要通过编解码来压缩进行传输，通过MediaCodec可实现视频的编码和解码。视频流的推送和接收可通过Socket或WebSocket来实现，服务端推送编码的视频流，客户端接收视频流并进行解码，然后渲染在SurfaceView上即可显示服务端的画面。

投屏服务端的实现

服务端主入口负责请求录屏和启动录屏服务，服务端主入口的实现如下：

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package com.example.screenprojection; import android.content.Intent; import android.media.projection.MediaProjectionManager; import android.os.Build; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import androidx.annotation.Nullable; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {   private static final int PROJECTION_REQUEST_CODE = 1;   private MediaProjectionManager mediaProjectionManager;   @Override   protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);     setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);     init();   }   private void init() {     mediaProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);   }   public void onClick(View view) {     if (view.getId() == R.id.btn_start) {       startProjection();     }   }   // 请求开始录屏   private void startProjection() {     Intent intent = mediaProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent();     startActivityForResult(intent, PROJECTION_REQUEST_CODE);   }   @Override   protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {     super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);     if (resultCode != RESULT_OK) {       return;     }     if (requestCode == PROJECTION_REQUEST_CODE) {       Intent service = new Intent(this, ScreenService.class);       service.putExtra("code", resultCode);       service.putExtra("data", data);       if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {         startForegroundService(service);       } else {         startService(service);       }     }   }   @Override   protected void onDestroy() {     super.onDestroy();   } }

Android8.0后录屏需要开启前台服务通知，录屏服务开启后同时启动WebSocketServer服务端，前台服务代码如下：

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package com.example.screenprojection; import android.app.Notification; import android.app.NotificationChannel; import android.app.NotificationManager; import android.app.PendingIntent; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.media.projection.MediaProjection; import android.media.projection.MediaProjectionManager; import android.os.Build; import android.os.IBinder; public class ScreenService extends Service {   private MediaProjectionManager mMediaProjectionManager;   private SocketManager mSocketManager;   @Override   public void onCreate() {     super.onCreate();     mMediaProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);     createNotificationChannel();   }   @Override   public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {     int resultCode = intent.getIntExtra("code", -1);     Intent resultData = intent.getParcelableExtra("data");     startProject(resultCode, resultData);     return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);   }   // 录屏开始后进行编码推流   private void startProject(int resultCode, Intent data) {     MediaProjection mediaProjection = mMediaProjectionManager.getMediaProjection(resultCode, data);     if (mediaProjection == null) {       return;     }     // 初始化服务器端     mSocketManager = new SocketManager();     mSocketManager.start(mediaProjection);   }   private void createNotificationChannel() {     Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this.getApplicationContext());     Intent nfIntent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);     builder         .setContentIntent(PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, nfIntent, 0))         .setLargeIcon(             BitmapFactory.decodeResource(                 this.getResources(), R.mipmap.ic_launcher)) // 设置下拉列表中的图标(大图标)         .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher) // 设置状态栏内的小图标         .setContentText("is running......") // 设置上下文内容         .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis()); // 设置该通知发生的时间     if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {       builder.setChannelId("notification_id");       // 前台服务notification适配       NotificationManager notificationManager =           (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);       NotificationChannel channel =           new NotificationChannel(               "notification_id", "notification_name", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW);       notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);     }     Notification notification = builder.build();     notification.defaults = Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND; // 设置为默认通知音     startForeground(110, notification);   }   @Override   public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {     return null;   }   @Override   public void onDestroy() {     mSocketManager.close();     super.onDestroy();   } }

SocketManager为WebSocketServer的控制类，并同时将录屏对象MediaProjection与视频编码器ScreenEncoder绑定。

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package com.example.screenprojection; import android.media.projection.MediaProjection; import java.net.InetSocketAddress; public class SocketManager {   private static final String TAG = SocketManager.class.getSimpleName();   private static final int SOCKET_PORT = 50000;   private final ScreenSocketServer mScreenSocketServer;   private ScreenEncoder mScreenEncoder;   public SocketManager() {     mScreenSocketServer = new ScreenSocketServer(new InetSocketAddress(SOCKET_PORT));   }   public void start(MediaProjection mediaProjection) {     mScreenSocketServer.start();     mScreenEncoder = new ScreenEncoder(this, mediaProjection);     mScreenEncoder.startEncode();   }   public void close() {     try {       mScreenSocketServer.stop();       mScreenSocketServer.close();     } catch (InterruptedException e) {       e.printStackTrace();     }     if (mScreenEncoder != null) {       mScreenEncoder.stopEncode();     }   }   public void sendData(byte[] bytes) {     mScreenSocketServer.sendData(bytes);   } }

推流服务端ScreenSocketServer代码如下：

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package com.example.screenprojection; import android.util.Log; import org.java_websocket.WebSocket; import org.java_websocket.handshake.ClientHandshake; import org.java_websocket.server.WebSocketServer; import java.net.InetSocketAddress; public class ScreenSocketServer extends WebSocketServer {   private final String TAG = ScreenSocketServer.class.getSimpleName();   private WebSocket mWebSocket;   public ScreenSocketServer(InetSocketAddress inetSocketAddress) {     super(inetSocketAddress);   }   @Override   public void onOpen(WebSocket conn, ClientHandshake handshake) {     Log.d(TAG, "onOpen");     mWebSocket = conn;   }   @Override   public void onClose(WebSocket conn, int code, String reason, boolean remote) {     Log.d(TAG, "onClose:" + reason);   }   @Override   public void onMessage(WebSocket conn, String message) {}   @Override   public void onError(WebSocket conn, Exception ex) {     Log.d(TAG, "onError:" + ex.toString());   }   @Override   public void onStart() {     Log.d(TAG, "onStart");   }   public void sendData(byte[] bytes) {     if (mWebSocket != null && mWebSocket.isOpen()) {       // 通过WebSocket 发送数据       Log.d(TAG, "sendData:");       mWebSocket.send(bytes);     }   }   public void close() {     mWebSocket.close();   } }

WebSocketServer启动成功会回调onStart方法。

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@Override public void onStart() {      Log.d(TAG, "onStart"); }

当有客户端连接回调onOpen方法，通过回调的WebSocket对象即可向客户端发送数据。

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@Override public void onOpen(WebSocket conn, ClientHandshake handshake) {     Log.d(TAG, "onOpen");     mWebSocket = conn; }

视频编码器ScreenEncoder采用采用H.265编码（H.265/HEVC），需要注意不同手机支持的编码最大分辨率不同。

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package com.example.screenprojection; import android.hardware.display.DisplayManager; import android.media.MediaCodec; import android.media.MediaCodecInfo; import android.media.MediaFormat; import android.media.projection.MediaProjection; import android.view.Surface; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; /**  * 采用H.265编码 H.265/HEVC的编码架构大致上和H.264/AVC的架构相似 H.265又称为HEVC(全称High Efficiency Video Coding，高效率视频编码)  */ public class ScreenEncoder extends Thread {   //不同手机支持的编码最大分辨率不同   private static final int VIDEO_WIDTH = 2160;   private static final int VIDEO_HEIGHT = 3840;   private static final int SCREEN_FRAME_RATE = 20;   private static final int SCREEN_FRAME_INTERVAL = 1;   private static final long SOCKET_TIME_OUT = 10000;   // I帧   private static final int TYPE_FRAME_INTERVAL = 19;   // vps帧   private static final int TYPE_FRAME_VPS = 32;   private final MediaProjection mMediaProjection;   private final SocketManager mSocketManager;   private MediaCodec mMediaCodec;   private boolean mPlaying = true;   // 记录vps pps sps   private byte[] vps_pps_sps;   public ScreenEncoder(SocketManager socketManager, MediaProjection mediaProjection) {     mSocketManager = socketManager;     mMediaProjection = mediaProjection;   }   public void startEncode() {     MediaFormat mediaFormat =         MediaFormat.createVideoFormat(MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_VIDEO_HEVC, VIDEO_WIDTH, VIDEO_HEIGHT);     mediaFormat.setInteger(         MediaFormat.KEY_COLOR_FORMAT, MediaCodecInfo.CodecCapabilities.COLOR_FormatSurface);     // 比特率（比特/秒）     mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_BIT_RATE, VIDEO_WIDTH * VIDEO_HEIGHT);     // 帧率     mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_FRAME_RATE, SCREEN_FRAME_RATE);     // I帧的频率     mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_I_FRAME_INTERVAL, SCREEN_FRAME_INTERVAL);     try {       mMediaCodec = MediaCodec.createEncoderByType(MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_VIDEO_HEVC);       mMediaCodec.configure(mediaFormat, null, null, MediaCodec.CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE);       Surface surface = mMediaCodec.createInputSurface();       mMediaProjection.createVirtualDisplay(           "screen",           VIDEO_WIDTH,           VIDEO_HEIGHT,           1,           DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_PUBLIC,           surface,           null,           null);     } catch (IOException e) {       e.printStackTrace();     }     start();   }   @Override   public void run() {     mMediaCodec.start();     MediaCodec.BufferInfo bufferInfo = new MediaCodec.BufferInfo();     while (mPlaying) {       int outPutBufferId = mMediaCodec.dequeueOutputBuffer(bufferInfo, SOCKET_TIME_OUT);       if (outPutBufferId >= 0) {         ByteBuffer byteBuffer = mMediaCodec.getOutputBuffer(outPutBufferId);         encodeData(byteBuffer, bufferInfo);         mMediaCodec.releaseOutputBuffer(outPutBufferId, false);       }     }   }   private void encodeData(ByteBuffer byteBuffer, MediaCodec.BufferInfo bufferInfo) {     int offSet = 4;     if (byteBuffer.get(2) == 0x01) {       offSet = 3;     }     int type = (byteBuffer.get(offSet) & 0x7E) >> 1;     if (type == TYPE_FRAME_VPS) {       vps_pps_sps = new byte[bufferInfo.size];       byteBuffer.get(vps_pps_sps);     } else if (type == TYPE_FRAME_INTERVAL) {       final byte[] bytes = new byte[bufferInfo.size];       byteBuffer.get(bytes);       byte[] newBytes = new byte[vps_pps_sps.length + bytes.length];       System.arraycopy(vps_pps_sps, 0, newBytes, 0, vps_pps_sps.length);       System.arraycopy(bytes, 0, newBytes, vps_pps_sps.length, bytes.length);       mSocketManager.sendData(newBytes);     } else {       byte[] bytes = new byte[bufferInfo.size];       byteBuffer.get(bytes);       mSocketManager.sendData(bytes);     }   }   public void stopEncode() {     mPlaying = false;     if (mMediaCodec != null) {       mMediaCodec.release();     }     if (mMediaProjection != null) {       mMediaProjection.stop();     }   } }

注意点：
1.需要依赖WebSocket相关jar。

implementation “org.java-websocket:Java-WebSocket:1.5.3”

2.AndroidManifest配置网络和前台服务权限。

1 2	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />

3.配置前台录屏服务foregroundServiceType属性。

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<service         android:name=".ScreenService"         android:enabled="true"         android:exported="true"         android:foregroundServiceType="mediaProjection" />

投屏客户端的实现

客户端入口负责创建SurfaceView并初始化WebSocket客户端管理器SocketClientManager。

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package com.example.screenplayer; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Surface; import android.view.SurfaceHolder; import android.view.SurfaceView; import androidx.annotation.NonNull; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {   private SocketClientManager mSocketClientManager;   @Override   protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);     setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);     SurfaceView surfaceView = findViewById(R.id.sv_screen);     surfaceView         .getHolder()         .addCallback(             new SurfaceHolder.Callback() {               @Override               public void surfaceCreated(@NonNull SurfaceHolder holder) {                 // 连接到服务端                 initSocketManager(holder.getSurface());               }               @Override               public void surfaceChanged(                   @NonNull SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {}               @Override               public void surfaceDestroyed(@NonNull SurfaceHolder holder) {}             });   }   private void initSocketManager(Surface surface) {     mSocketClientManager = new SocketClientManager();     mSocketClientManager.start(surface);   }   @Override   protected void onDestroy() {     if (mSocketClientManager != null) {       mSocketClientManager.stop();     }     super.onDestroy();   } }

SocketClientManager将Surface与解码器绑定，创建WebSocket客户端并接收服务端推送的视频流。其中URI 需要修改为服务端的IP地址和端口。

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package com.example.screenplayer; import android.view.Surface; import java.net.URI; import java.net.URISyntaxException; public class SocketClientManager implements ScreenSocketClient.SocketCallback {   private static final int SOCKET_PORT = 50000;   private ScreenDecoder mScreenDecoder;   private ScreenSocketClient mSocketClient;   public void start(Surface surface) {     mScreenDecoder = new ScreenDecoder();     mScreenDecoder.startDecode(surface);     try {       // 需要修改为服务端的IP地址与端口       URI uri = new URI("ws://192.168.1.3:" + SOCKET_PORT);       mSocketClient = new ScreenSocketClient(this, uri);       mSocketClient.connect();     } catch (URISyntaxException e) {       e.printStackTrace();     }   }   public void stop() {     if (mSocketClient != null) {       mSocketClient.close();     }     if (mScreenDecoder != null) {       mScreenDecoder.stopDecode();     }   }   @Override   public void onReceiveData(byte[] data) {     if (mScreenDecoder != null) {       mScreenDecoder.decodeData(data);     }   } }

ScreenSocketClient代码如下：

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package com.example.screenplayer; import android.util.Log; import org.java_websocket.client.WebSocketClient; import org.java_websocket.handshake.ServerHandshake; import java.net.URI; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; public class ScreenSocketClient extends WebSocketClient {   private static final String TAG = ScreenSocketClient.class.getSimpleName();   private final SocketCallback mSocketCallback;   public ScreenSocketClient(SocketCallback socketCallback, URI serverUri) {     super(serverUri);     mSocketCallback = socketCallback;   }   @Override   public void onOpen(ServerHandshake serverHandshake) {     Log.d(TAG, "onOpen");   }   @Override   public void onMessage(String message) {}   @Override   public void onMessage(ByteBuffer bytes) {     byte[] buf = new byte[bytes.remaining()];     bytes.get(buf);     if (mSocketCallback != null) {       mSocketCallback.onReceiveData(buf);     }   }   @Override   public void onClose(int code, String reason, boolean remote) {     Log.d(TAG, "onClose =" + reason);   }   @Override   public void onError(Exception ex) {     Log.d(TAG, "onError =" + ex.toString());   }   public interface SocketCallback {     void onReceiveData(byte[] data);   } }

不同手机支持的解码最大分辨率不同，需要设置正确的分辨率才不会报错。投屏解码器ScreenDecoder代码如下：

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package com.example.screenplayer; import android.media.MediaCodec; import android.media.MediaFormat; import android.view.Surface; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; public class ScreenDecoder {   private static final int VIDEO_WIDTH = 2160;   private static final int VIDEO_HEIGHT = 3840;   private static final long DECODE_TIME_OUT = 10000;   private static final int SCREEN_FRAME_RATE = 20;   private static final int SCREEN_FRAME_INTERVAL = 1;   private MediaCodec mMediaCodec;   public ScreenDecoder() {}   public void startDecode(Surface surface) {     try {       // 配置MediaCodec       mMediaCodec = MediaCodec.createDecoderByType(MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_VIDEO_HEVC);       MediaFormat mediaFormat =           MediaFormat.createVideoFormat(MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_VIDEO_HEVC, VIDEO_WIDTH, VIDEO_HEIGHT);       mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_BIT_RATE, VIDEO_WIDTH * VIDEO_HEIGHT);       mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_FRAME_RATE, SCREEN_FRAME_RATE);       mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_I_FRAME_INTERVAL, SCREEN_FRAME_INTERVAL);       mMediaCodec.configure(mediaFormat, surface, null, 0);       mMediaCodec.start();     } catch (IOException e) {       e.printStackTrace();     }   }   public void decodeData(byte[] data) {     int index = mMediaCodec.dequeueInputBuffer(DECODE_TIME_OUT);     if (index >= 0) {       ByteBuffer inputBuffer = mMediaCodec.getInputBuffer(index);       inputBuffer.clear();       inputBuffer.put(data, 0, data.length);       mMediaCodec.queueInputBuffer(index, 0, data.length, System.currentTimeMillis(), 0);     }     MediaCodec.BufferInfo bufferInfo = new MediaCodec.BufferInfo();     int outputBufferIndex = mMediaCodec.dequeueOutputBuffer(bufferInfo, DECODE_TIME_OUT);     while (outputBufferIndex > 0) {       mMediaCodec.releaseOutputBuffer(outputBufferIndex, true);       outputBufferIndex = mMediaCodec.dequeueOutputBuffer(bufferInfo, 0);     }   }   public void stopDecode() {     if (mMediaCodec != null) {       mMediaCodec.release();     }   } }

注意点：
1.需要依赖WebSocket相关jar。

implementation “org.java-websocket:Java-WebSocket:1.5.3”

2.AndroidManifest配置网络权限。

1	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

效果

左手边为服务端，右手边为客户端，服务端投屏到客户端的效果如下：

遇到的错误

1.WebSocket出现Permission denied的报错：

onerror =java.net.SocketException: socket failed: EACCES (Permission denied)

问题原因：需要网络权限。

1	<uses-permission android:name=“android.permission.INTERNET”/>

2.WebSocket出现Host unreachable报错：

onerror =java.net.NoRouteToHostException: Host unreachable

问题原因：不在同一局域网内或服务端未正常启动。

3.WebSocket出现failed to connect报错：

failed to connect to /192.168.1.3 (port 50000) from /:: (port 38262):，不在同一局域网内或服务端未正常启动

问题原因：不在同一局域网内或服务端未正常启动。

客户端连接成功回调onOpen方法

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@Override public void onOpen(ServerHandshake handshakedata) {      Log.d(TAG,"SocketClient onOpen"); }

4.初始化MediaFormat时报IllegalStateException异常：

Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
at android.media.MediaCodec.native_configure(Native Method)
at android.media.MediaCodec.configure(MediaCodec.java:2023)
at android.media.MediaCodec.configure(MediaCodec.java:1951)
at com.example.screenprojection.ScreenEncoder.startEncode(ScreenEncoder.java:56)

问题原因：不同手机支持的最大编解码分辨率不同，可通过adb shell cat /system/etc/media_codecs.xml的adb命令查看手机支持的编解码分辨率。未设置编码强制要求的一些配置 会抛出 IllegalStateException。

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<MediaCodec name="OMX.hisi.video.decoder.hevc.secure" type="video/hevc" >      <Quirk name="needs-flush-on-all-ports" />      <Limit name="size" min="128x128" max="4096x2304" />      <Limit name="alignment" value="2x2" />      <Limit name="block-size" value="16x16" />      <Limit name="block-count" range="64-36896" />      <Limit name="blocks-per-second" range="99-1106880" />      <Limit name="bitrate" range="1-52428800" />      <Feature name="adaptive-playback" />      <Feature name="secure-playback" required="true" />      <Quirk name="requires-allocate-on-input-ports" />      <Quirk name="requires-allocate-on-output-ports" />      <Limit name="concurrent-instances" max="1" />  </MediaCodec>  <!--config suggestion for hevc -->  <!--VT:1280x720@1Mbps@30fps，640x360@450kpbps@30fps,640x360@250kbps@30fps，640x360@170kbps@15fps-->  <!--DestkTop Share: 1280x720@500kbps@3-7fps,720x450@200kbps@3-7fps-->  <!--Wifi Display:1920x1080@8Mbps@30fps 4Kx2k@27M@30fps-->  <!--Recoding:1920x1080@12Mbps@30fps，4k2k@30Mbps@30fps,1920x1080@40M@120fps，1280X720@40M@120fps-->  <MediaCodec name="OMX.hisi.video.encoder.hevc" type="video/hevc" >      <Limit name="size" min="176x144" max="3840x2160" />      <Limit name="alignment" value="4x4" />      <Limit name="block-size" value="64x64" />      <Limit name="blocks-per-second" range="99-244800" />      <Limit name="bitrate" range="200000-70000000" />      <Quirk name="requires-allocate-on-output-ports" />      <Limit name="concurrent-instances" max="3" />  </MediaCodec>

 

转载于：https://www.jb51.net/article/251671.htm