不需要提前设定线程数的CountDownLatch

主要问题：

声明CountDownLatch时需要指定要等待的线程数；对于无法预知线程数的任务不友好。

应用场景：

无法提前获知需要多少线程的场景；

如：查询es中的数据时，如果数据量很大，无法一次查完，就需要while循环，然后靠lastNum、searchAfter确定下次查询的起始点，分批次查出数据，再丢入线程池中处理；

这样就无法在开始查询前确定需要启动多少线程，也就无法使用CountDownLatch。

解决思路：

借鉴CountDownLatch，每启动一个线程，就把AQS中的state减1，启动完所有线程后，调用await(int count) ，等待的同时把启动的线程数传进锁里，从而实现并发处理；

用法：

/**
 * main task
 */
{
    int count = 0;
    CountDownLatchWithNoCount countDownLatchWithNoCount = new CountDownLatchWithNoCount();
    while (/*condition*/) {
        count++;
        // other process
        new Thread(new SubTask(countDownLatchWithNoCount )).start();
    }
    countDownLatchWithNoCount.await(count);
}

/**
 * task
 */
private static class SubTask implements Runnable{

        private CountDownLatchWithNoCount countDownLatchWithNoCount;

        public SubTask(CountDownLatchWithNoCount countDownLatchWithNoCount) {
            this.countDownLatchWithNoCount = countDownLatchWithNoCount;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            // other process

            countDownLatchWithNoCount.countDown();
        }
    }

主要代码：

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer;

/**
 * <p>锁</p>
 *
 * 解决CountDownLatch必须在声明时指定线程数量的问题
 *
 * @author cuijr
 * @since 2024/1/24 17:24
 */
@Slf4j
public class CountDownLatchWithNoCount {

    private static final class Sync extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer {

        private static final long serialVersionUID = 4982264981922014374L;

        private volatile int count = 0;

        int getCount() {
            return getState();
        }

        int getTargetCount() {
            return count;
        }

        protected int tryAcquireShared(int acquires) {
            return (count != 0 && getState() <= count) ? 1 : -1;
        }

        protected boolean tryReleaseShared(int releases) {
            // Decrement count; signal when transition to zero
            for (;;) {
                int c = getState();
                int nextc = c - 1;
                if (compareAndSetState(c, nextc)) {
                    return count != 0 && nextc == count;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private final Sync sync;

    /**
     * Constructs a {@code CountDownLatch} initialized with the given count.
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code count} is negative
     */
    public CountDownLatchWithNoCount() {
        this.sync = new Sync();
    }

    /**
     * Causes the current thread to wait until the latch has counted down to
     * zero, unless the thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}.
     *
     * <p>If the current count is zero then this method returns immediately.
     *
     * <p>If the current count is greater than zero then the current
     * thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies
     * dormant until one of two things happen:
     * <ul>
     * <li>The count reaches zero due to invocations of the
     * {@link #countDown} method; or
     * <li>Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts}
     * the current thread.
     * </ul>
     *
     * <p>If the current thread:
     * <ul>
     * <li>has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or
     * <li>is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting,
     * </ul>
     * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's
     * interrupted status is cleared.
     *
     * @param count the number of times {@link #countDown} must be invoked
     *        before threads can pass through {@link #await}
     * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted
     *         while waiting
     */
    public void await(int count) throws InterruptedException {
        sync.count = 0 - count;
        sync.acquireSharedInterruptibly(1);
    }

    /**
     * Causes the current thread to wait until the latch has counted down to
     * zero, unless the thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted},
     * or the specified waiting time elapses.
     *
     * <p>If the current count is zero then this method returns immediately
     * with the value {@code true}.
     *
     * <p>If the current count is greater than zero then the current
     * thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies
     * dormant until one of three things happen:
     * <ul>
     * <li>The count reaches zero due to invocations of the
     * {@link #countDown} method; or
     * <li>Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts}
     * the current thread; or
     * <li>The specified waiting time elapses.
     * </ul>
     *
     * <p>If the count reaches zero then the method returns with the
     * value {@code true}.
     *
     * <p>If the current thread:
     * <ul>
     * <li>has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or
     * <li>is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting,
     * </ul>
     * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's
     * interrupted status is cleared.
     *
     * <p>If the specified waiting time elapses then the value {@code false}
     * is returned.  If the time is less than or equal to zero, the method
     * will not wait at all.
     *
     * @param timeout the maximum time to wait
     * @param unit the time unit of the {@code timeout} argument
     * @return {@code true} if the count reached zero and {@code false}
     *         if the waiting time elapsed before the count reached zero
     * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted
     *         while waiting
     */
    public boolean await(int count, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
            throws InterruptedException {
        sync.count = 0 - count;
        log.info("thread {}, going to wait for {}, and current is {}", Thread.currentThread().getName(), sync.getTargetCount(), sync.getCount());
        return sync.tryAcquireSharedNanos(1, unit.toNanos(timeout));
    }

    /**
     * Decrements the count of the latch, releasing all waiting threads if
     * the count reaches zero.
     *
     * <p>If the current count is greater than zero then it is decremented.
     * If the new count is zero then all waiting threads are re-enabled for
     * thread scheduling purposes.
     *
     * <p>If the current count equals zero then nothing happens.
     */
    public void countDown() {
        log.info("thread {} countDown, and status is {}, and count is {}", Thread.currentThread().getName(), sync.getCount(), sync.getTargetCount());
        sync.releaseShared(1);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the current count.
     *
     * <p>This method is typically used for debugging and testing purposes.
     *
     * @return the current count
     */
    public int getCount() {
        return sync.getCount();
    }

    /**
     * Returns a string identifying this latch, as well as its state.
     * The state, in brackets, includes the String {@code "Count ="}
     * followed by the current count.
     *
     * @return a string identifying this latch, as well as its state
     */
    public String toString() {
        return super.toString() + "[Count = " + sync.getCount() + "]";
    }
}