contos7 mysql库_centos7安装mysql数据库

linux下通过rpm包安装mysql (另外两种是 yum和源码包安装，源码包安装最优)

1.安装前，我们可以检测系统是否自带安装 MySQL:rpm -qa | grep mysql

2.如果你系统有安装，那可以选择进行卸载:普通删除模式 rpm -e mysql

强力删除模式，如果使用上面命令删除时，提示有依赖的其它文件，则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除

rpm -e –nodeps mysql

3.下载地址：(x选择下载位置)

(报错：wget command not found ，通过yum -y install wget)

4.安装：rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm yum install mysql-server

报错：Error: Package: akonadi-mysql-1.9.2-4.el7.x86_64

​ Requires: mariadb-server

​ Removing: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

​ mariadb-server = 1:5.5.52-1.el7

​ Obsoleted By: mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64 (mysql56-community)

​ Not found

​ Updated By: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 (base)

​ mariadb-server = 1:5.5.56-2.el7

You could try using –skip-broken to work around the problem

You could try running: rpm -Va –nofiles –nodigest

​ 解决：rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

​ 查看当前安装的mysql包

​ 如果存在mariadb-server-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64等包，需要先删除。​ yum -y remove mariadb-libs

然后再执行yum install mysql-server

报错：[Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.

解决：yum update 更新一遍安装库，然后继续执行安装，成功

5.安装成功后，初始化mysql​ mysqld –initialize

(yum报错another app is currently holding the yum lock;waiting for it to exit：#rm -f /var/run/yum.pid强制关闭进程)

6.启动 MySQL：

​ service mysqld start

​ 报错：[[email protected] local]# service mysqld start

​ Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service

​ Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See “systemctl status mysqld.service” and “journalctl -xe” for details.

​ 解决：查看报错日志，more /var/log/mysqld.log

​ 在mysql错误日志里出现：[ERROR] InnoDB: The innodb_system data file ‘ibdata1’ must be writable，及ibdata1必须可写那么解决方案自然是更改对应权限

​ mysql5.7版本以后是chmod -R 777 /var/lib/mysql

​ 再次启动mysql成功，查看状态： service mysqld status

​

7.验证 MySQL 安装：使用 mysqladmin 工具来获取服务器状态：mysqladmin –version如果以上命令执行后未输入任何信息，说明你的Mysql未安装成功。

8.连接数据库，mysql -uroot -p

​ (1)报错(ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user [email protected] (using password: YES))

修改密码：

​ 步骤：

​ [1].停止mysql服务：service mysqld stop

​ [2].修改配置文件无密码登录：vi /etc/my.cnf

​ [3].在最尾部加上([mysqld]后面任意一行添加)：skip-grant-tables

​ [4].保存，启动mysql：service mysqld start

​ [5].登录mysql：mysql

​ [6].选中mysql数据库：mysql> use mysql;

​ [7].首先更新root密码为空字符串：update user set authentication_string=’’ where user=’root’;

​ [8].退出，删除之前步骤加上的 “skip-grant-tables” 然后重启mysql：

// 1，退出:exit // 2，修改，删除最后的skip-grant-tablesvim /etc/my.cnf // 3，重启service mysqld restart

​ [9].然后在登陆Mysql：mysql -uroot

​ [10].使用ALTER修改root用户密码,方法：ALTER user [email protected] IDENTIFIED BY ‘你的密码’;

9.修改数据库字符集

​ (1).登陆mysql查询当前字符集：

​ mysql> show variables like ‘char%’;

​ (2).编辑my.con配置文件

​ vim /etc/my.cnf

​ 添加：1

2

3

4

5

6[client]

default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysqld]

character-set-server=utf8mb4

​ (3)保存退出，重新启动mysql：service mysqld restart

a.centos7 开启3306端口systemctl start firewalld 开启防火墙

firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-port=3306/tcp –permanent

firewall-cmd –reload–zone #作用域

–add-port=80/tcp #添加端口，格式为：端口/通讯协议

–permanent #永久生效，没有此参数重启后失效

b. mysql授权GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO [email protected]%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘root’ WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;