Python2.最大公约数和最小公倍数,1到999的完美数，判断素数和回文数，斐波那契数列,跑马灯，生成验证码，定文件名的后缀名，列表中最大和第二大的元素的值，一年的第几天，打印杨辉三角,双色球选号

#最大公约数和最小公倍数
x = int(input('x = '))
y = int(input('y = '))

#如果x大于y就交换x和y的值
if x > y:
    # 通过下面的操作将y的值赋给x, 将x的值赋给y
    x, y = y, x
#从两个数中较的数开始做递减的循环
for factor in range(x, 0, -1):
    if x % factor == 0 and y % factor == 0:
        print('%d和%d的最大公约数是%d' % (x, y, factor))
        print('%d和%d的最小公倍数是%d' % (x, y, x * y // factor))
        break

#以后可以调用下面的函数直接求出结果
def gcd(x, y):
    """求最大公约数"""
    (x, y) = (y, x) if x > y else (x, y)
    for factor in range(x, 0, -1):
        if x % factor == 0 and y % factor == 0:
            return factor

def lcm(x, y):
    """求最小公倍数"""
    return x * y // gcd(x, y)

#找出1~9999之间的所有完美数
import math
for num in range(1, 10000):
    result = 0
    for factor in range(1, int(math.sqrt(num)) + 1):
        if num % factor == 0:
            result += factor
            if factor > 1 and num // factor != factor:
                result += num // factor
    if result == num:
        print(num)

#判断素数和回文数
for num in range(2, 100):
    is_prime = True
    for factor in range(2, int(math.sqrt(num)) + 1):
        if num % factor == 0:
            is_prime = False
            break
    if is_prime:
        print(num, end=' ')


#实现判断一个数是不是素数的函数
def is_prime(num):
    """判断一个数是不是素数"""
    for factor in range(2, int(num ** 0.5) + 1):
        if num % factor == 0:
            return False
    return True if num != 1 else False


#写一个程序判断输入的正整数是不是回文素数
if __name__ == '__main__':
    num = int(input('请输入正整数: '))
    if is_palindrome(num) and is_prime(num):
        print('%d是回文素数' % num)

#输出斐波那契数列的前20个数 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 ...
a = 0
b = 1
for _ in range(20):
    a, b = b, a + b
    print(a, end=' ')

def is_palindrome(num):
    """判断一个数是不是回文数"""
    temp = num
    total = 0
    while temp > 0:
        total = total * 10 + temp % 10
        temp //= 10
    return total == num

#更新跑马灯
import os
import time
def main():
    content = '北京欢迎你为你开天辟地…………'
    while True:
        # 清理屏幕上的输出
        os.system('cls')  # os.system('clear')
        print(content)
        # 休眠200毫秒
        time.sleep(0.2)
        content = content[1:] + content[0]


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

#产生指定长度的验证码
import random
def generate_code(code_len=4):
    """
    生成指定长度的验证码
    :param code_len: 验证码的长度(默认4个字符)
    :return: 由大小写英文字母和数字构成的随机验证码
    """
    all_chars = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
    last_pos = len(all_chars) - 1
    code = ''
    for _ in range(code_len):
        index = random.randint(0, last_pos)
        code += all_chars[index]
    return code

#设计一个函数返回给定文件名的后缀名
def get_suffix(filename, has_dot=False):
    """
    获取文件名的后缀名
    :param filename: 文件名
    :param has_dot: 返回的后缀名是否需要带点
    :return: 文件的后缀名
    """
    pos = filename.rfind('.')
    if 0 < pos < len(filename) - 1:
        index = pos if has_dot else pos + 1
        return filename[index:]
    else:
        return ''

#设计一个函数返回传入的列表中最大和第二大的元素的值
def max2(x):
    m1, m2 = (x[0], x[1]) if x[0] > x[1] else (x[1], x[0])
    for index in range(2, len(x)):
        if x[index] > m1:
            m2 = m1
            m1 = x[index]
        elif x[index] > m2:
            m2 = x[index]
    return m1, m2

#计算指定的年月日是这一年的第几天
def is_leap_year(year):
    """
    判断指定的年份是不是闰年

    :param year: 年份
    :return: 闰年返回True平年返回False
    """
    return year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0 or year % 400 == 0


def which_day(year, month, date):
    """
    计算传入的日期是这一年的第几天

    :param year: 年
    :param month: 月
    :param date: 日
    :return: 第几天
    """
    days_of_month = [
        [31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31],
        [31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]
    ][is_leap_year(year)]
    total = 0
    for index in range(month - 1):
        total += days_of_month[index]
    return total + date


def main():
    print(which_day(1980, 11, 28))
    print(which_day(1981, 12, 31))
    print(which_day(2018, 1, 1))
    print(which_day(2016, 3, 1))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

#打印杨辉三角
def main():
    num = int(input('Number of rows: '))
    yh = [[]] * num
    for row in range(len(yh)):
        yh[row] = [None] * (row + 1)
        for col in range(len(yh[row])):
            if col == 0 or col == row:
                yh[row][col] = 1
            else:
                yh[row][col] = yh[row - 1][col] + yh[row - 1][col - 1]
            print(yh[row][col], end='\t')
        print()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

#双色球选号
from random import randrange, randint, sample
def display(balls):
    """
    输出列表中的双色球号码
    """
    for index, ball in enumerate(balls):
        if index == len(balls) - 1:
            print('|', end=' ')
        print('%02d' % ball, end=' ')
    print()


def random_select():
    """
    随机选择一组号码
    """
    red_balls = [x for x in range(1, 34)]
    selected_balls = []
    selected_balls = sample(red_balls, 6)
    selected_balls.sort()
    selected_balls.append(randint(1, 16))
    return selected_balls


def main():
    n = int(input('机选几注: '))
    for _ in range(n):
        display(random_select())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()