单例模式的几种实现

1.饿汉模式(避免线程安全问题，在声明私有静态变量时，就已经实例化了类，不用考虑线程同步问题，但是不能延时加载)：

public class SingletonDemo {
    private static SingletonDemo instance=new SingletonDemo();
    private SingletonDemo() {}
    public static SingletonDemo getInstance() {
    	return instance;
    }
}

2.懒汉模式（线程不安全）

public class SingletonDemo {
    private static SingletonDemo instance;
    private SingletonDemo() {}
    
    public static SingletonDemo getInstance() {
    	if(instance==null) {
    		instance=new SingletonDemo();
    	}
    	return instance;
    }
}

3.懒汉模式（线程安全）

public class SingletonDemo {
    private static SingletonDemo instance;
    private SingletonDemo() {}
    
    public static SingletonDemo getInstance() {
    	synchronized (SingletonDemo.class) {
    		if(instance==null) {
        		instance=new SingletonDemo();
        	}
        	return instance;
	}
    }
}

 

4.静态内部类

第一次加载SingletonDemo类不会加载Singleton类，但是调用getSingleton时，才会加载Singleton，才会初始化singleton。即确保了线程安全，又保证了单例对象的唯一性，延迟了单例的实例化。这是最推荐的方式。

public class SingletonDemo {
    private SingletonDemo() {}
    
    public Singleton getSingleton() {
       return Singleton.singleton;	
    }
    private static class  Singleton {
    	private final static SingletonDemo singleton=new SingletonDemo();
    }
}

5.枚举类实现单例

public enum Singleton {
    singleton{
    	public StringBuffer getStringBuffer() {
    		return new StringBuffer();
    	}
    }
}

测试枚举实现单例是否正确，结果返回true

public class SingletonTest {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		System.out.println(Singleton.singleton==Singleton.singleton);
	}
}