Django安装(2) - 数据库配置

原文地址：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/intro/tutorial02/

1. 数据库的设置，在mysite/settings.py：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'mydatabase',
        'USER': 'mydatabaseuser',
        'PASSWORD': 'mypassword',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': '3306',
    }
}

2. 时区设置，在mysite/settings.py中，中国的设置是： 'Asia/Shanghai'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

3. 创建数据库模型，在D:\mysite\polls\models.py中编辑如下，这意味着要创建两个表，一个叫做Question，一个叫做Choice，

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class Question(models.Model):
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')


class Choice(models.Model):
    question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)

4. 激活模型

(dj) D:\mysite>python manage.py makemigrations polls
Migrations for 'polls':
  polls\migrations\0001_initial.py
    - Create model Question
    - Create model Choice

5. 生成了迁移文件：

可以通过下面的命令查看这个迁移文件将产生什么样的sql语句：

(dj) D:\mysite>python manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001
BEGIN;
--
-- Create model Question
--
CREATE TABLE `polls_question` (`id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `question_text` varchar(200) NOT NULL, `pub_date` datetime(6) NOT NULL);
--
-- Create model Choice
--
CREATE TABLE `polls_choice` (`id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `choice_text` varchar(200) NOT NULL, `votes` integer NOT NULL, `question_id` integer NOT NULL);
ALTER TABLE `polls_choice` ADD CONSTRAINT `polls_choice_question_id_c5b4b260_fk_polls_question_id` FOREIGN KEY (`question_id`) REFERENCES `polls_question` (`id`);
COMMIT;

(dj) D:\mysite>

6. 执行迁移文件，在数据库里面创建数据表

(dj) D:\mysite>python manage.py migrate
System check identified some issues:

WARNINGS:
?: (mysql.W002) MySQL Strict Mode is not set for database connection 'default'
        HINT: MySQL's Strict Mode fixes many data integrity problems in MySQL, such as data truncation upon insertion, by escalating warnings into errors. It is strongly recommended you activate it. See: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/databases/#mysql-sql-mode
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, polls, sessions
Running migrations:
  Applying polls.0001_initial... OK

(dj) D:\mysite>

看看数据库发生了什么变化：

可以看到，生成了两个表

至此，数据库及模型创建完毕