cjson学习篇二：下载库，运行示例程序

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42645653/article/details/120163218

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内容来源：
简书-JSON的简单介绍&cJSON库使用（一）
JSON的简单介绍以及C语言的JSON库使用
 【cJSON库】cJSON库的使用
 CSDN-cJSON使用详细教程 | 一个轻量级C语言JSON解析器
 cJSON库 API解析（下）
JSON的简单介绍&cJSON库使用（一）

下载地址

cJSON git网站
 cJSON sourceforge网站

使用方法

git网站下介绍cjson的使用方法：

git clone https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON.git		//第一步：下载cjson仓库
mkdir build												//第二步：创建build文件夹
cd build/												//第三步：进入build文件夹
cmake ..												//第四步：cmake工具利用cJSON文件夹下CMakeLists.txt文件在build文件夹下生成Makefile文件及一些其他文件
make 													//第五步：make工具利用build文件夹下的Makefile文件进行编译
sudo make install 										//第六步：安装headers。/usr/local/include/cjson与/usr/local/lib。
//还为pkg-config安装文件，以便更容易地检测和使用CMake的现有安装。它还安装了CMake配置文件，其他基于CMake的项目可以使用这些文件来发现库。

[ 可暂不了解，跳过 ]cmake工具选项列表：（更改构建过程）

-DENABLE_CJSON_TEST=On					//启用构建测试。(在默认情况下)
-DENABLE_CJSON_UTILS=On					//启用构建cJSON_Utils。(默认情况下关闭)
-DENABLE_TARGET_EXPORT=On				//使CMake目标得以出口。如果有问题就关掉。(在默认情况下)
-DENABLE_CUSTOM_COMPILER_FLAGS=On		//启用自定义编译器标志(当前用于Clang、GCC和MSVC)。如果有问题就关掉。(在默认情况下)
-DENABLE_VALGRIND=On					//使用valgrind。(默认情况下关闭)
-DENABLE_SANITIZERS=On					//编译cJSON寻址和未定义行为启用(如果可能)。(默认情况下关闭)
-DENABLE_SAFE_STACK						//启用安全栈仪表通。目前只适用于Clang编译器。(默认情况下关闭)
-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=On					//建立共享库。(在默认情况下)
-DBUILD_SHARED_AND_STATIC_LIBS=On		//构建共享库和静态库。(默认情况下关闭)
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr				//为安装设置一个前缀。
-DENABLE_LOCALES=On						//启用localeconv方法。(在默认情况下)
-DCJSON_OVERRIDE_BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=On	//启用重写BUILD_SHARED_LIBS带着-DCJSON_BUILD_SHARED_LIBS.

举例：（如果要为Linux发行版打包cJSON，则可能需要执行以下步骤）
mkdir build
cd build
cmake .. -DENABLE_CJSON_UTILS=On -DENABLE_CJSON_TEST=Off -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr
make
make DESTDIR=$pkgdir install

[ 可暂不了解，跳过 ]make工具相关介绍

不推荐使用Makefile。尽可能使用CMake。Makefile支持仅限于修复bug。
如果您没有CMake可用，但仍有GNUmake。您可以使用makefile构建cJSON：
使用源代码在目录中运行此命令，它将自动编译静态和共享库以及一个小测试程序(不是完整的测试套件)。
make all
如果需要，可以使用make install。默认情况下，它将在/usr/local/include/cjson以及/usr/local/lib。但是，可以通过设置PREFIX和DESTDIR变量：make PREFIX=/usr DESTDIR=temp install。并卸载它们：make PREFIX=/usr DESTDIR=temp uninstall.

运行示例程序

对应关系：

(黑色=文件夹，绿色=可执行文件，红色=源文件)
build
cJSON_test ==> cJSON 下 test.c
tests
cjson_add ==> cJSON/tests 下cjson_add.c
compare_tests ==> cJSON/tests 下compare_tests.c
… ==>…

示例：cJSON_test

build文件夹下打开终端输入指令：./cJSON_test
即可输出对应的数据。（具体数据略）

test.c源程序：

/*
  Copyright (c) 2009-2017 Dave Gamble and cJSON contributors

  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  THE SOFTWARE.
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "cJSON.h"

/* Used by some code below as an example datatype. */
struct record
{
    const char *precision;
    double lat;
    double lon;
    const char *address;
    const char *city;
    const char *state;
    const char *zip;
    const char *country;
};


/* Create a bunch of objects as demonstration. */
static int print_preallocated(cJSON *root)
{
    /* declarations */
    char *out = NULL;
    char *buf = NULL;
    char *buf_fail = NULL;
    size_t len = 0;
    size_t len_fail = 0;

    /* formatted print */
    out = cJSON_Print(root);

    /* create buffer to succeed */
    /* the extra 5 bytes are because of inaccuracies when reserving memory */
    len = strlen(out) + 5;
    buf = (char*)malloc(len);
    if (buf == NULL)
    {
        printf("Failed to allocate memory.\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* create buffer to fail */
    len_fail = strlen(out);
    buf_fail = (char*)malloc(len_fail);
    if (buf_fail == NULL)
    {
        printf("Failed to allocate memory.\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* Print to buffer */
    if (!cJSON_PrintPreallocated(root, buf, (int)len, 1)) {
        printf("cJSON_PrintPreallocated failed!\n");
        if (strcmp(out, buf) != 0) {
            printf("cJSON_PrintPreallocated not the same as cJSON_Print!\n");
            printf("cJSON_Print result:\n%s\n", out);
            printf("cJSON_PrintPreallocated result:\n%s\n", buf);
        }
        free(out);
        free(buf_fail);
        free(buf);
        return -1;
    }

    /* success */
    printf("%s\n", buf);

    /* force it to fail */
    if (cJSON_PrintPreallocated(root, buf_fail, (int)len_fail, 1)) {
        printf("cJSON_PrintPreallocated failed to show error with insufficient memory!\n");
        printf("cJSON_Print result:\n%s\n", out);
        printf("cJSON_PrintPreallocated result:\n%s\n", buf_fail);
        free(out);
        free(buf_fail);
        free(buf);
        return -1;
    }

    free(out);
    free(buf_fail);
    free(buf);
    return 0;
}

/* Create a bunch of objects as demonstration. */
static void create_objects(void)
{
    /* declare a few. */
    cJSON *root = NULL;
    cJSON *fmt = NULL;
    cJSON *img = NULL;
    cJSON *thm = NULL;
    cJSON *fld = NULL;
    int i = 0;

    /* Our "days of the week" array: */
    const char *strings[7] =
    {
        "Sunday",
        "Monday",
        "Tuesday",
        "Wednesday",
        "Thursday",
        "Friday",
        "Saturday"
    };
    /* Our matrix: */
    int numbers[3][3] =
    {
        {0, -1, 0},
        {1, 0, 0},
        {0 ,0, 1}
    };
    /* Our "gallery" item: */
    int ids[4] = { 116, 943, 234, 38793 };
    /* Our array of "records": */
    struct record fields[2] =
    {
        {
            "zip",
            37.7668,
            -1.223959e+2,
            "",
            "SAN FRANCISCO",
            "CA",
            "94107",
            "US"
        },
        {
            "zip",
            37.371991,
            -1.22026e+2,
            "",
            "SUNNYVALE",
            "CA",
            "94085",
            "US"
        }
    };
    volatile double zero = 0.0;

    /* Here we construct some JSON standards, from the JSON site. */

    /* Our "Video" datatype: */
    root = cJSON_CreateObject();
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "name", cJSON_CreateString("Jack (\"Bee\") Nimble"));
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "format", fmt = cJSON_CreateObject());
    cJSON_AddStringToObject(fmt, "type", "rect");
    cJSON_AddNumberToObject(fmt, "width", 1920);
    cJSON_AddNumberToObject(fmt, "height", 1080);
    cJSON_AddFalseToObject (fmt, "interlace");
    cJSON_AddNumberToObject(fmt, "frame rate", 24);

    /* Print to text */
    if (print_preallocated(root) != 0) {
        cJSON_Delete(root);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    cJSON_Delete(root);

    /* Our "days of the week" array: */
    root = cJSON_CreateStringArray(strings, 7);

    if (print_preallocated(root) != 0) {
        cJSON_Delete(root);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    cJSON_Delete(root);

    /* Our matrix: */
    root = cJSON_CreateArray();
    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        cJSON_AddItemToArray(root, cJSON_CreateIntArray(numbers[i], 3));
    }

    /* cJSON_ReplaceItemInArray(root, 1, cJSON_CreateString("Replacement")); */

    if (print_preallocated(root) != 0) {
        cJSON_Delete(root);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    cJSON_Delete(root);

    /* Our "gallery" item: */
    root = cJSON_CreateObject();
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "Image", img = cJSON_CreateObject());
    cJSON_AddNumberToObject(img, "Width", 800);
    cJSON_AddNumberToObject(img, "Height", 600);
    cJSON_AddStringToObject(img, "Title", "View from 15th Floor");
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(img, "Thumbnail", thm = cJSON_CreateObject());
    cJSON_AddStringToObject(thm, "Url", "http:/*www.example.com/image/481989943");
    cJSON_AddNumberToObject(thm, "Height", 125);
    cJSON_AddStringToObject(thm, "Width", "100");
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(img, "IDs", cJSON_CreateIntArray(ids, 4));

    if (print_preallocated(root) != 0) {
        cJSON_Delete(root);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    cJSON_Delete(root);

    /* Our array of "records": */
    root = cJSON_CreateArray();
    for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
        cJSON_AddItemToArray(root, fld = cJSON_CreateObject());
        cJSON_AddStringToObject(fld, "precision", fields[i].precision);
        cJSON_AddNumberToObject(fld, "Latitude", fields[i].lat);
        cJSON_AddNumberToObject(fld, "Longitude", fields[i].lon);
        cJSON_AddStringToObject(fld, "Address", fields[i].address);
        cJSON_AddStringToObject(fld, "City", fields[i].city);
        cJSON_AddStringToObject(fld, "State", fields[i].state);
        cJSON_AddStringToObject(fld, "Zip", fields[i].zip);
        cJSON_AddStringToObject(fld, "Country", fields[i].country);
    }

    /* cJSON_ReplaceItemInObject(cJSON_GetArrayItem(root, 1), "City", cJSON_CreateIntArray(ids, 4)); */

    if (print_preallocated(root) != 0) {
        cJSON_Delete(root);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    cJSON_Delete(root);

    root = cJSON_CreateObject();
    cJSON_AddNumberToObject(root, "number", 1.0 / zero);

    if (print_preallocated(root) != 0) {
        cJSON_Delete(root);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    cJSON_Delete(root);
}

int CJSON_CDECL main(void)
{
    /* print the version */
    printf("Version: %s\n", cJSON_Version());

    /* Now some samplecode for building objects concisely: */
    create_objects();

    return 0;
}