python中递归函数的实例_Python 递归函数详解及实例

这篇文章主要介绍了Python 实现文件的全备份和差异备份详解的相关资料,需要的朋友可以参考下

Python实现文件的全备份和差异备份

之前有写利用md5方式来做差异备份，但是这种md5方式来写存在以下问题：md5sum获取有些软连接的MD5值存在问题

不支持对空目录进行备份，因为md5sum无法获取空目录的md5值

权限的修改md5sum无法判断

解决方案：

利用文件的mtime ctime

mtime(Modified time)是在写入文件时随文件内容的更改而更改的

ctime(Create time)是在写入文件、更改所有者、权限或链接设置时随Inode的内容更改而更改的

废话不多说直接上代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python

import time,os,sys,cPickle

fileInfo = {}

def logger(time,fileName,status,fileNum):

f = open('backup.log','a')

f.write("%s\t%s\t%s\t\t%s\n" % (time,fileName,status,fileNum))

def tar(sDir,dDir,fileNum):

command = "tar zcf %s %s >/dev/null 2>&1" % (dDir + ".tar.gz",sDir)

if os.system(command) == 0:

logger(time.strftime('%F %X'),dDir + ".tar.gz",'success',fileNum)

else:

logger(time.strftime('%F %X'),dDir + ".tar.gz",'failed',fileNum)

def fullBak(path):

fileNum = 0

for root,dirs,files in os.walk(path):

for name in files:

file = os.path.join(root, name)

mtime = os.path.getmtime(file)

ctime = os.path.getctime(file)

fileInfo[file] = (mtime,ctime)

fileNum += 1

f = open(P,'w')

cPickle.dump(fileInfo,f)

f.close()

tar(S,D,fileNum)

def diffBak(path):

for root,dirs,files in os.walk(path):

for name in files:

file = os.path.join(root,name)

mtime = os.path.getmtime(file)

ctime = os.path.getctime(file)

fileInfo[file] = (mtime,ctime)

if os.path.isfile(P) == 0:

f = open(P,'w')

f.close()

if os.stat(P).st_size == 0:

f = open(P,'w')

cPickle.dump(fileInfo,f)

fileNum = len(fileInfo.keys())

f.close()

print fileNum

tar(S,D,fileNum)

else:

f = open(P)

old_fileInfo = cPickle.load(f)

f.close()

difference = dict(set(fileInfo.items())^set(old_fileInfo.items()))

fileNum = len(difference)

print fileNum

difference_file = ' '.join(difference.keys())

print difference_file

tar(difference_file,D,fileNum)

f = open(P,'w')

cPickle.dump(fileInfo,f)

f.close()

def Usage():

print '''

Syntax: python file_bakcup.py pickle_file model source_dir filename_bk

model: 1:Full backup 2:Differential backup

example: python file_backup.py fileinfo.pk 2 /etc etc_$(date +%F)

explain: Automatically add '.tar.gz' suffix

'''

sys.exit()

if len(sys.argv) != 5:

Usage()

P = sys.argv[1]

M = int(sys.argv[2])

S = sys.argv[3]

D = sys.argv[4]

if M == 1:

fullBak(S)

elif M == 2:

diffBak(S)

else:

print "\033[;31mDoes not support this mode\033[0m"

Usage()

测试：

$ python file_backup.py data.pk 1 data data_$(date +%F) #全备份

$ > data/www.linuxeye.com #测试创建文件，修改文件权限

$ chmod 777 data/py/eshop_bk/data.db

$ python file_backup.py data.pk 2 data data_$(date +%F)_1 #备份改变的文件

2

data/py/eshop_bk/data.db data/www.linuxeye.com

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