RabbitMQ消息模式之自定义消费者

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-25 13:51:25 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-25 13:51:25 发布

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分类专栏：中间件文章标签： rabbitmq 消息中间件

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42687829/article/details/104329106

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本文介绍如何在RabbitMQ中使用自定义消费者进行消息消费，通过创建自定义的Consumer类，增强代码的解耦性和灵活性。文章详细展示了自定义消费端、生产端的代码实现，以及如何设置RabbitMQ连接、声明交换机、队列和绑定路由键。

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我们之前都是在代码中编写while循环，进行consumer.nextDelivery方法进行获取下一条消息，然后进行消费处理；但是我们使用自定义的Consumer更加的方便，解耦性更加的强，也是实际工作中最常用的使用方式

自定义消费端代码：

package com.ue.consumer;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;

import java.io.IOException;

public class MyConsumer extends DefaultConsumer {

    public MyConsumer(Channel channel) {
        super(channel);
    }

    @Override
    public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        System.err.println("-----------consume message----------");
        System.err.println("consumerTag: " + consumerTag);
        System.err.println("envelope: " + envelope);
        System.err.println("properties: " + properties);
        System.err.println("body: " + new String(body));
    }
}

消费端调用：

package com.ue.consumer;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class Consumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.14.758");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");

        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        String exchangeName = "test_consumer_exchange";
        String routingKey = "consumer.#";
        String queueName = "test_consumer_queue";

        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, "topic", true, false, null);
        channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null);
        channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);

        channel.basicConsume(queueName,true, new MyConsumer(channel));
    }
}

生产端调用：

package com.ue.consumer;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class Producer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.14.758");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");

        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        String exchange = "test_consumer_exchange";
        String routingKey = "consumer.save";

        String msg = "Hello RabbitMQ Consumer Message";

        for(int i =0; i<5; i ++){
            channel.basicPublish(exchange, routingKey,true,null, msg.getBytes());
        }
    }
}

测试结果如下：