1.基础知识简介
在分析Touch事件传递之前，先了解一下android系统关于输入设备和输入事件的定义
- InputEvent 输入事件的抽象，支持2种类型MOTION_EVENT和KEY_EVENT
- InputDevice 输入设备的抽象，支持类型有鼠标、键盘、触摸屏等
InputEvent 输入事件的公共类，内部定义了2个INPUT类型，MOTION_EVENT和KEY_EVENT，以及事件对应的InputDevice，通过getSource方法来获取
/** @hide */
protected static final int PARCEL_TOKEN_MOTION_EVENT = 1;
/** @hide */
protected static final int PARCEL_TOKEN_KEY_EVENT = 2;
/**
* Gets the source of the event.
*
* @return The event source or {@link InputDevice#SOURCE_UNKNOWN} if unknown.
* @see InputDevice#getSources
*/
public abstract int getSource();
/**
* Modifies the source of the event.
*
* @param source The new source.
* @hide
*/
public abstract void setSource(int source);
对应2个具体的实现类
// 代表移动事件，如mouse, pen, finger, trackball
public final class MotionEvent extends InputEvent
//点击事件key and button,每个key点击都被描述为一系列的key events
public class KeyEvent extends InputEvent
列举一下常见的几种InputDevice
/**
* The input source is a keyboard.
*
* This source indicates pretty much anything that has buttons. Use
* {@link #getKeyboardType()} to determine whether the keyboard has alphabetic keys
* and can be used to enter text.
*
* @see #SOURCE_CLASS_BUTTON
*/
public static final int SOURCE_KEYBOARD = 0x00000100 | SOURCE_CLASS_BUTTON;
/**
* The input source is a DPad.
*
* @see #SOURCE_CLASS_BUTTON
*/
public static final int SOURCE_DPAD = 0x00000200 | SOURCE_CLASS_BUTTON;
/**
* The input source is a touch screen pointing device.
*
* @see #SOURCE_CLASS_POINTER
*/
public static final int SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN = 0x00001000 | SOURCE_CLASS_POINTER;
/**
* The input source is a mouse pointing device.
* This code is also used for other mouse-like pointing devices such as trackpads
* and trackpoints.
*
* @see #SOURCE_CLASS_POINTER
*/
public static final int SOURCE_MOUSE = 0x00002000 | SOURCE_CLASS_POINTER;
另外由于输入事件是通过驱动传递到framework层，然后传递到应用Activity上的，有必要简单了解 native层input事件传递的机制
当用户触摸屏幕或者按键操作，首次触发的是硬件驱动，驱动收到事件后，将该相应事件写入到输入设备节点， 这便产生了最原生态的内核事件。接着，输入系统取出原生态的事件，经过层层封装后成为KeyEvent或者MotionEvent；最后，交付给相应的目标窗口(Window)来消费该输入事件。可见，输入系统在整个过程起到承上启下的衔接作用。
Input模块的主要组成：
- Native层的InputReader负责从EventHub取出事件并处理，再交给InputDispatcher；
- Native层的InputDispatcher接收来自InputReader的输入事件，并记录WMS的窗口信息，用于派发事件到合适的窗口；
- Java层的InputManagerService跟WMS交互，WMS记录所有窗口信息，并同步更新到IMS，为InputDispatcher正确派发事件到ViewRootImpl提供保障
- EventHub 通过Nofity和epoll机制实现监听/dev/input下的设备节点
详细的说明可以参考：
Input系统
2.touch事件传递流程分析
先说主要结论，再看具体分析：
在事件的分发之前，在PhoneWindowManager.interceptKeyBeforeDispatching会事件进行拦截，如Home键、Power键、Back键都会在PhoneWindowManager里面被拦截
interceptKeyBeforeDispatching是在native层InputDispatcher分发事件的时候被调用的
整个事件的传递流程由3个方法主要来控制
- dispatchTouchEvent 分发事件，返回true表示不再发生，事件已经被消费
- onInterceptTouchEvent 拦截事件，只有ViewGroup支持，返回true表示拦截事件，由当前ViewGroup来消费此事件
- onTouchEvent 消费事件，返回true表示消费了事件
主要涉及到3个类
-
Activity 支持分发和消费事件，默认不处理的，直接把消息往ViewGroup传递
- 当事件发生在窗口范围外，没有View可以响应的时候，需要override此方法。
- 如果dispatchTouchEvent返回true，则事件由Activity的onTouchEvent来消费
-
ViewGroup 支持分发、拦截和消费
- 当view没有设置FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT时，此方法生效。
- 如果dispatchTouchEvent返回true，则事件由ViewGroup的onTouchEvent来消费,返回false则继续把事件往子View或ViewGroup分发
- 如果onInterceptTouchEvent返回true,则由ViewGroup的onTouchEvent消费事件，返回false则不拦截
-
View 支持分发和消费事件，可以通过设置FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT来禁止ViewGroup拦截事件 。
- 如果View不消费事件，则事件自下而上，往View的上一层级传递直到被消费
一个完整的MOTION_EVENT包含有ACTION_DOWN(1次)、ACTION_MOVE(N次)、ACTION_UP一次，如果一个View没有消费ACTION_DOWN，刚后面的事件都不能消费
和onTouchEvent相关的还有2个重要的方法也说明一下：
- onTouch 在View.dispatchTouchEvent里面，如果mOnTouchListener非空，则会调用mOnTouchListener.onTouch。onTouch会优先于onTouchEvent响应
- onClick 在View.onTouchEvent里面，如果mOnClickListener非空，则会调用mOnClickListener.onClick。onTouchEvent会优先于onClick响应
2.1 Activity.dispatchTouchEvent
touch事件通过native层的InputDispatcher分发后，走到ViewRootImpl类里面的各种InputStage，调用到processPointerEvent方法里面
private int processPointerEvent(QueuedInputEvent q) {
// 将mEvent对象转换成MotionEvent
final MotionEvent event = (MotionEvent)q.mEvent;
// mView是一个DecorView
boolean handled = mView.dispatchPointerEvent(event);
return handled ? FINISH_HANDLED : FORWARD;
}
mView是一个DecorView对象，没有复写View.dispatchPointerEvent,直接调用父类方法
@UnsupportedAppUsage
public final boolean dispatchPointerEvent(MotionEvent event) {
// 在processPointerEvent方法里面，event是MotionEvent类型，走dispatchTouchEvent
if (event.isTouchEvent()) {
return dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
return dispatchGenericMotionEvent(event);
}
}
然后走到DecorView的dispatchTouchEvent方法
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
final Window.Callback cb = mWindow.getCallback();
// mWindow 是在Activity里面创建的，Activity实现了Window.Callback
return cb != null && !mWindow.isDestroyed() && mFeatureId < 0
? cb.dispatchTouchEvent(ev) : super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
}
最终走到Activity.dispatchTouchEvent
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// 方法是一个空实现
onUserInteraction();
}
// getWindow方法返回的是一个PhoneWindow对象
if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
return true;
}
//如果传递的过程中事件没有被消费，则调用onTouchEvent来消费此事件
return onTouchEvent(ev);
}
继续看PhoneWindow的superDispatchTouchEvent方法
public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
mDecor是一个DecorView对象，继承自ViewGroup
2.2 ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent
DecorView的superDispatchTouchEvent方法起到一个跳转的作用，继续调用super.dispatchTouchEvent.看ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
boolean handled = false;
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
final int action = ev.getAction();
final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;
// Handle an initial down.
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
// The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
// due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
resetTouchState();
}
// Check for interception.
final boolean intercepted;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
// 如果没有定义FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT属性，则会调用onInterceptTouchEvent拦截事件
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
if (!disallowIntercept) {
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
// There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
// so this view group continues to intercept touches.
intercepted = true;
}
TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
// If the event is targeting accessibility focus we give it to the
// view that has accessibility focus and if it does not handle it
// we clear the flag and dispatch the event to all children as usual.
// We are looking up the accessibility focused host to avoid keeping
// state since these events are very rare.
View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()
? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
: TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;
// Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
// have become out of sync.
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);
final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
// Find a child that can receive the event.
// Scan children from front to back.
final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList();
final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
&& isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
final View[] children = mChildren;
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
childrenCount, i, customOrder);
final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
preorderedList, children, childIndex);
// If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it
// to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a
// normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is
// safer given the timeframe.
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) {
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) {
continue;
}
childWithAccessibilityFocus = null;
i = childrenCount - 1;
}
if (!child.canReceivePointerEvents()
|| !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
continue;
}
newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
if (newTouchTarget != null) {
// Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
// Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
break;
}
resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
// Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
if (preorderedList != null) {
// childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
break;
}
}
} else {
mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
}
mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
break;
}
// The accessibility focus didn't handle the event, so clear
// the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children.
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}
if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
}
if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
// Did not find a child to receive the event.
// Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
}
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
}
}
}
// Dispatch to touch targets.
if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
// No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view.
handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
} else {
// Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
// dispatched to it. Cancel touch targets if necessary.
TouchTarget predecessor = null;
TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (target != null) {
final TouchTarget next = target.next;
if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
handled = true;
} else {
final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
|| intercepted;
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
handled = true;
}
}
predecessor = target;
target = next;
}
}
}
return handled;
}
此方法很长，主要分为如下几个步骤
- 当事件为MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN，根据属性FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT属性来判断是否需要拦截
- 如果不是取消且不需要拦截的时候，遍历子View，找到处理事件的target
- 找到touch target后，则分发事件dispatchTransformedTouchEvent
在dispatchTransformedTouchEvent方法里面，里面的逻辑比较简单，如果child view为空，则调用父类的dispatchTouchEvent;非空，则调用child view的dispatchTouchEvent
/**
* Transforms a motion event into the coordinate space of a particular child view,
* filters out irrelevant pointer ids, and overrides its action if necessary.
* If child is null, assumes the MotionEvent will be sent to this ViewGroup instead.
*/
private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
final boolean handled;
// Canceling motions is a special case. We don't need to perform any transformations
// or filtering. The important part is the action, not the contents.
final int oldAction = event.getAction();
// 如果是取消事件
if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
if (child == null) {
// 子view为空，则把消息发给父类处理
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
// 子view进行事件分发
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
event.setAction(oldAction);
return handled;
}
// Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch.
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
} else {
final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
transformedEvent.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
if (! child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
transformedEvent.transform(child.getInverseMatrix());
}
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
}
// Done.
transformedEvent.recycle();
return handled;
}
2.3 View.dispatchTouchEvent
先看下此方法的源代码
/**
* Pass the touch screen motion event down to the target view, or this
* view if it is the target.
*
* @param event The motion event to be dispatched.
* @return True if the event was handled by the view, false otherwise.
*/
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
boolean result = false;
final int actionMasked = event.getActionMasked();
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// Defensive cleanup for new gesture
stopNestedScroll();
}
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) {
result = true;
}
//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
&& (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
// 如果mOnTouchListener非空，则会调用mOnTouchListener.onTouch
&& li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
result = true;
}
if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
result = true;
}
}
// Clean up after nested scrolls if this is the end of a gesture;
// also cancel it if we tried an ACTION_DOWN but we didn't want the rest
// of the gesture.
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP ||
actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL ||
(actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && !result)) {
stopNestedScroll();
}
return result;
}
在dispatchTouchEvent方法里面，需要注意的一点就是：如果mOnTouchListener非空，则会调用mOnTouchListener.onTouch。
再看onTouchEvent
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
final float x = event.getX();
final float y = event.getY();
final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;
final int action = event.getAction();
final boolean clickable = ((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE
|| (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)
|| (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE;
if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
setPressed(false);
}
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
// A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch
// events, it just doesn't respond to them.
return clickable;
}
if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
}
if (clickable || (viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
switch (action) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
if ((viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
handleTooltipUp();
}
if (!clickable) {
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
mInContextButtonPress = false;
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
break;
}
boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PREPRESSED) != 0;
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
// take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
// touch mode.
boolean focusTaken = false;
if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
focusTaken = requestFocus();
}
if (prepressed) {
// The button is being released before we actually
// showed it as pressed. Make it show the pressed
// state now (before scheduling the click) to ensure
// the user sees it.
setPressed(true, x, y);
}
if (!mHasPerformedLongPress && !mIgnoreNextUpEvent) {
// This is a tap, so remove the longpress check
removeLongPressCallback();
// Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
if (!focusTaken) {
// Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
// performClick directly. This lets other visual state
// of the view update before click actions start.
if (mPerformClick == null) {
mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
}
if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
// 在mPerformClick里面会调用 li.mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
performClickInternal();
}
}
}
if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
}
if (prepressed) {
postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
} else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
// If the post failed, unpress right now
mUnsetPressedState.run();
}
removeTapCallback();
}
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
if (event.getSource() == InputDevice.SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN) {
mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
}
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
if (!clickable) {
checkForLongClick(
ViewConfiguration.getLongPressTimeout(),
x,
y,
TOUCH_GESTURE_CLASSIFIED__CLASSIFICATION__LONG_PRESS);
break;
}
if (performButtonActionOnTouchDown(event)) {
break;
}
// Walk up the hierarchy to determine if we're inside a scrolling container.
boolean isInScrollingContainer = isInScrollingContainer();
// For views inside a scrolling container, delay the pressed feedback for
// a short period in case this is a scroll.
if (isInScrollingContainer) {
mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_PREPRESSED;
if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
}
mPendingCheckForTap.x = event.getX();
mPendingCheckForTap.y = event.getY();
postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
} else {
// Not inside a scrolling container, so show the feedback right away
setPressed(true, x, y);
checkForLongClick(
ViewConfiguration.getLongPressTimeout(),
x,
y,
TOUCH_GESTURE_CLASSIFIED__CLASSIFICATION__LONG_PRESS);
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
if (clickable) {
setPressed(false);
}
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
mInContextButtonPress = false;
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
if (clickable) {
drawableHotspotChanged(x, y);
}
final int motionClassification = event.getClassification();
final boolean ambiguousGesture =
motionClassification == MotionEvent.CLASSIFICATION_AMBIGUOUS_GESTURE;
int touchSlop = mTouchSlop;
if (ambiguousGesture && hasPendingLongPressCallback()) {
final float ambiguousMultiplier =
ViewConfiguration.getAmbiguousGestureMultiplier();
if (!pointInView(x, y, touchSlop)) {
// The default action here is to cancel long press. But instead, we
// just extend the timeout here, in case the classification
// stays ambiguous.
removeLongPressCallback();
long delay = (long) (ViewConfiguration.getLongPressTimeout()
* ambiguousMultiplier);
// Subtract the time already spent
delay -= event.getEventTime() - event.getDownTime();
checkForLongClick(
delay,
x,
y,
TOUCH_GESTURE_CLASSIFIED__CLASSIFICATION__LONG_PRESS);
}
touchSlop *= ambiguousMultiplier;
}
// Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
if (!pointInView(x, y, touchSlop)) {
// Outside button
// Remove any future long press/tap checks
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
setPressed(false);
}
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
}
final boolean deepPress =
motionClassification == MotionEvent.CLASSIFICATION_DEEP_PRESS;
if (deepPress && hasPendingLongPressCallback()) {
// process the long click action immediately
removeLongPressCallback();
checkForLongClick(
0 /* send immediately */,
x,
y,
TOUCH_GESTURE_CLASSIFIED__CLASSIFICATION__DEEP_PRESS);
}
break;
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
方法很长，主要处理4种事件MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN、MotionEvent.ACTION_UP、MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE、MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL
注意：在ACTION_UP里面，如果mOnClickListener非空，则会调用mOnClickListener.onClick
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