关于springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException:Caused by: FileNotFoundException解决方案

一、异常的内容

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [springMVC.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [springMVC.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:343)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:303)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:187)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:223)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:194)
	at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125)
	at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:620)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:521)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:676)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:642)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:690)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:558)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:499)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:172)
	at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:160)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1280)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:1088)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:5176)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5460)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [springMVC.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist

二、解决方案

参考了官方的说法

在web.xml中
1、在配置springmvc的时候，你需要指定它的初始化参数，也就是加载配置文件，用到contextConfigLocation属性，classpath就是指定从类路径下查找，也就是你编译后的classse文件夹下，例如我部署到tomcat上，那就是在<tomcat文件夹>\webapps<项目名>\WEB-INF\classes

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

2、按照官方的说法通过监听器去加载spring的配置文件的时候，也是同样，要配置一个contextConfigLocation属性

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationSpringConfig.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

注意你的配置文件是不是直接就丢在resource下了，如果你还另外在里面创建了文件夹，那就要配清楚了

三、补充

以上这种配置，在我只是单一个maven的web项目是还是可行的，但是在我把web的内容抽成一个单独的module时，却不行了，如下图

最后把classpath:都改成classpath*:才成功找到了对应的配置文件

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath*:springMVC.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath*:applicationSpringConfig.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>