反射

只知道类名,就可以得到类的属性,构造方法,方法,还可以创建对象

在配置文件中说明类名

增强可扩展性

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class Reflect {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        getField();

        getConstructor();

        getMethod();

    }

    private static void getMethod() throws Exception {

        String classname = "reclect.Person";
        Class clazz = Class.forName(classname);//拿到字节码文件对象

        String methodName = "show";
        Method method = clazz.getMethod(methodName,String.class,int.class);
        
        Person p = (Person)clazz.newInstance();
        method.invoke(p,"bb",20);
    }

    private static void getConstructor() throws Exception {
        String classname = "reclect.Person";
        Class clazz = Class.forName(classname);//拿到字节码文件对象

        //获取指定构造器
        Constructor con =  clazz.getConstructor(String.class,int.class);
        //通过构造器对象初始化类对象
        Person p = (Person)con.newInstance("aa",23);

        System.out.println(p);



    }

    private static void getField() throws Exception {
        String classname = "reclect.Person";
        Class clazz = Class.forName(classname);

        String fieldName = "name";
        //getXXX:获取的都是类中共有的成员
        //getDeclaredXXX:获取本类中已有的成员
        Field field =  clazz.getDeclaredField(fieldName);//获取已经声明过的字段,不论权限

        Person p = (Person)clazz.newInstance();//获取对象

        field.setAccessible(true);//忽略权限
        field.set(p,"xx");
        System.out.println(p);
    }
}