python的赋值、深拷贝和浅拷贝个人理解

1、直接赋值,默认浅拷贝传递对象的引用而已,原始列表改变，被赋值的b也会做相同的改变。同样b改变原始也会改变，都指向同一个地方。

在python中，对象赋值实际上是对象的引用。当创建一个对象，然后把它赋给另一个变量的时候，python并没有拷贝这个对象，而只是拷贝了这个对象的引用

>>> alist = [1,2,3,["a","b",[5,6]]]
>>> b = alist
>>> print(b)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6]]]
>>> b.append(7)
>>> print(b)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6]], 7]
>>> print(alist)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6]], 7]
>>> alist.append(8)
>>> print(alist)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6]], 7, 8]
>>> print(b)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6]], 7, 8]

2、copy浅拷贝，没有拷贝子对象，所以原始数据改变，子对象会改变。即外层数据全部拷贝，包括值；内层依然拷贝的引用。

>>> import copy
>>> c =copy.copy(alist)
>>> print(c)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6]], 7, 8]
>>> alist.append(9)
>>> print(c)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6]], 7, 8]
>>> print(alist)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6]], 7, 8, 9]
>>> c.append(10)
>>> print(c)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6]], 7, 8, 10]
>>> print(alist)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6]], 7, 8, 9]
>>> alist[3].append('c')
>>> print(alist)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6], 'c'], 7, 8, 9]
>>> print(c)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6], 'c'], 7, 8, 10]

>>> alist[3][2].append(4)
>>> print(alist)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6, 4], 'c'], 7, 8, 9]
>>> print(c)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6, 4], 'c'], 7, 8, 10]

3、深拷贝，包含对象里面的自对象的拷贝，所以原始对象的改变不会造成深拷贝里任何子元素的改变，也就是完全拷贝，也就与原本完全无关了d

 import copy
>>> d = copy.deepcopy(alist)
>>> print(d)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6, 4], 'c'], 7, 8, 9]
>>> alist.append(11)
>>> print(d)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6, 4], 'c'], 7, 8, 9]
>>> alist[3].append('d')
>>> print(d)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6, 4], 'c'], 7, 8, 9]
>>> alist[3][2].append('12')
>>> print(d)
[1, 2, 3, ['a', 'b', [5, 6, 4], 'c'], 7, 8, 9]