windows下wgrib/wgrib2和python读取grib2数据

windows下没有api可以直接读grib或者grib2的数据。所以下载wgrib或者wgrib2来读grib数据。wgrib可以读grib1格式(.grb)的数据，wgrib2可以读grib2格式(.grib)的数据，根据不同格式的数据选择下载wgrib或者wgrib2

1.wgrib和wgrib2下载

• wgrib，下载地址：ftp://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wd51we/wgrib
• wgrib2，下载地址：ftp://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wd51we/wgrib2（64位系统用 ftp://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wd51we/wgrib2/Windows_64/）
  找到对应的版本，下载速度比较慢，请耐心等待。。。
  下载完成后把所有文件放到同一个文件夹下，比如wgrib文件可以都放在wgrib文件夹下，wgrib2文件可以都放在wgrib2文件夹下

2.wgrib和wgrib2设置

wgrib和wgrib2是不需要安装的，只需要在环境变量里进行设置。

右键此电脑，点击属性

点击高级系统设置

点击环境变量

在系统变量里找到Path，点击编辑

点击新建，然后把wgrib和wgrib2的路径输入进去

3.验证是否设置成功

同时按下windows和R键，输入cmd，点击确定

输入wgrib2

显示出wgrib2的使用说明，说明设置成功

4. 读取grib和grib2数据

4.1使用wgrib/wgrib2读取数据

 -else            else         else
 -elseif_fs       elif  X      elseif X (fixed string) conditional execution
 -elseif_n        elif  X      elseif (inv numbers in range), X=(start:end:step)
 -elseif_rec      elif  X      elseif (record numbers in range), X=(start:end:step)
 -elseif_reg      elif  X      elseif rpn registers defined, X = A, A:B, A:B:C, etc A = register number
 -elseif          elif  X      elseif X (POSIX regular expression) conditional on match
 -endif           endif        endif
 -if              if    X      if X (POSIX regular expression), conditional execution on match
 -if_fs           if    X      if X (fixed string), conditional execution on match
 -if_n            if    X      if (inv numbers in range), X=(start:end:step)
 -if_rec          if    X      if (record numbers in range), X=(start:end:step)
 -if_reg          if    X      if rpn registers defined, X = A, A:B, A:B:C, etc A = register number
 -not_if          if    X      not_if X (regular expression), conditional execution on not match
 -not_if_fs       if    X      if X (fixed string) does not match, conditional execution up to next output/fi
 -0xSec           inv   X      Hex dump of section X (0..8)
 -aerosol_size    inv          optical properties of an aerosol
 -aerosol_wavelength inv          optical properties of an aerosol
 -bitmap          inv          bitmap mode
 -center          inv          center
 -checksum        inv   X      CRC checksum of section X (0..8), whole message (X = -1/message) or (X=data)
 -disc            inv          discipline (code table 0.0)
 -domain          inv          find rectangular domain for g2ctl/GrADS plots
 -end_ft          inv          verf time = reference_time + forecast_time + stat. proc time (YYYYMMDDHH) (same as -vt)
 -end_FT          inv          verf time = reference_time + forecast_time + stat. proc time (YYYYMMDDHHMMSS) (same as -VT)
 -ens             inv          ensemble information
 -ext_name        inv          extended name, var+qualifiers
 -ftime           inv          either ftime1 or ftime2 dep on version_ftime
 -ftime1          inv          forecast time
 -ftime2          inv          timestamp -- will replace -ftime in the future TESTING
 -ftn_api_fn0     inv          n npnts nx ny msg_no submsg i11,5(1x,i11)
 -full_name       inv          extended name, var+qualifiers
 -gdt             inv          contents of Grid Definition Template (g2c)
 -get_byte        inv   X Y Z  get bytes in Section X, Octet Y, number of bytes Z (decimal format)
 -get_hex         inv   X Y Z  get bytes in Section X, Octet Y, number of bytes Z (bytes in hexadecimal format)
 -get_ieee        inv   X Y Z  get ieee float in Section X, Octet Y, number of floats Z
 -get_int         inv   X Y Z  get 4-byte ints in Section X, Octet Y, number of ints Z
 -get_int2        inv   X Y Z  get 2-byte ints in Section X, Octet Y, number of ints Z
 -grib_max_bits   inv          maximum bits used in grib encoding
 -grid            inv          grid definition
 -grid_id         inv          show values from grid_id
 -hybrid          inv          shows vertical coordinate parameters from Sec4
 -ij              inv   X Y    value of field at grid(X,Y) X=1,..,nx Y=1,..,ny (WxText enabled)
 -ijlat           inv   X Y    lat,lon and grid value at grid(X,Y) X=1,..,nx Y=1,..,ny (WxText enabled)
 -ilat            inv   X      lat,lon and grid value at Xth grid point, X=1,..,npnts (WxText enabled)
 -JMA             inv          inventory for JMA locally defined PDT
 -lev             inv          level (code table 4.5)
 -ll2i            inv   X Y    x=lon y=lat, converts to (i), 1..ndata
 -ll2ij           inv   X Y    x=lon y=lat, converts