【遥感遥测】【2016】科罗拉多州西坡农业用水消耗的遥感评估

本文为美国科罗拉多州大学（作者：Amandeep Vashisht）的硕士论文，共81页。

科罗拉多州西坡被科罗拉多河及其支流排干，由于长期干旱和日益增长的需求，科罗拉多河及其支流面临着越来越大的水资源压力。虽然水是一种有限的资源，但农业用水量占该地区总引水量的一半以上。在这种情况下，农业用水可能成为节约用水和共享用水的一个可能来源。根据临时水资源共享安排（如水岸），农业作物或消耗性用水的精确消耗量量化对于水资源共享至关重要。遥感被认为是确定大面积作物空间实际水分利用的最可行方法。对能量和水分限制条件下日耗水量估算重置模型的性能进行了初步评价。每月对重复历史（充分灌溉）和运行水库（减少灌溉）条件的地块进行节约消耗量估算。此外，利用Landsat和Sentinel卫星确定了西坡草地和苜蓿草地的作物生长期信息。建立了植被指数（VI）与作物系数（Kc）之间的经验关系式，并用于基于反射率的作物系数法。最后，基于反射率的方法对牧草和苜蓿草场进行了评估，并对作物用水消耗量的每日估计值进行了重置。

The Western Slope of Colorado is drained by Colorado River and its tributaries, which are facing increased pressure on their water resources due to prolonged droughts and increasing demands. While water is a limited resource, agriculture uses more than half of the total diverted water in the area. In such a scenario, agricultural water can be a likely supply for water conservation and sharing. The quantification of precise amount of water consumed by agricultural crops, or, consumptive use, is crucial for water sharing under temporary water sharing arrangements like water banks. Remote Sensing is considered as the most feasible method to determine spatial actual crop water use over large areas. A preliminary performance evaluation of ReSET model for daily consumptive water use estimates under energy limiting and water limiting conditions was done. Conserved Consumptive Use estimates from plots replicating historical (full irrigation) and operational water bank (reduced irrigation) conditions were made on a monthly basis. In addition, crop growth stage information for grass and alfalfa pastures of the Western Slope was determined using Landsat and Sentinel satellites. An empirical relation between vegetation index (VI) and crop coefficient (Kc) was developed for use with reflectance-based crop coefficient approach. Lastly, reflectancebased approach for grass and alfalfa pastures was evaluated with ReSET-derived daily estimates of crop consumptive use.

1.   引言
   

2. 材料数据与方法
3. 结果与讨论
4. 结论与建议

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