【信息技术】【2004.08】高度非平稳环境下的噪声估计算法

本文为美国德克萨斯大学达拉斯分校（作者：SUNDARRAJAN RANGACHARI）的硕士论文，共73页。

在存在噪声背景的情况下，语音增强算法可以提高语音的质量和可懂度。本文针对语音增强应用中的噪声谱估计问题进行了研究。针对高度非平稳的噪声环境，提出了两种噪声估计算法。在方法1中，首先使用语音活动检测器将每帧连续的语音信号分类为语音存在/不存在帧，并使用语音不存在帧的常数平滑因子和语音存在帧的频率依赖平滑因子更新噪声谱估计。在方法2中，使用频率依赖平滑因子来更新噪声频谱估计，而不需要判断每一帧中是否有语音存在。在这两种方法中，频率依赖平滑因子都是基于子带估计的语音存在概率来计算的。语音存在性是通过计算有噪语音功率谱与其局部最小值的比值来确定的，该比值是通过利用前瞻因子对有噪语音功率谱的历史值进行平均来计算的。采用局部最小估计算法可以很快适应高度非平稳的噪声环境。经过正式的听力测试证实，本文所提出的噪声估计算法在用于语音增强时优于其它噪声估计算法。

The quality and intelligibility of the speech in the presence ofbackground noise can be improved by speech enhancement algorithms. This thesisaddresses the issue of estimating the noise spectrum for speech enhancementapplications. Two noise estimation algorithms are proposed for highlynon-stationary noise environments. In method-1 a voice activity detector is first used to classifyeach frame of speech continuously into the speech present/absent frames, andthe noise spectrum estimate is updated using a constant smoothing factor forspeech absent frames and a frequency dependent smoothing factor for speechpresent frames. In method-2 the noise spectrum estimate is updated using afrequency dependent smoothing factor irrespective of speech present/absentframes. In both methods, the frequency dependent smoothing factor is calculatedbased on estimated speech presence probabilities in subbands. Speech presenceis determined by computing the ratio of the noisy speech power spectrum to itslocal minimum,which is computed by averaging past values of the noisy speech powerspectra with a look-ahead factor. The local minimum estimation algorithm adaptsvery quickly to highly non-stationary noise environments. This was confirmedwith formal listening tests that indicated that the proposed noise estimationalgorithms when integrated in speech enhancement were preferred over othernoise estimation algorithms.

1 引言

2 分析已有的噪声估计算法

3 本文提出的噪声估计算法

4 总结与结论

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