【无人机】【2010.01】无人机系统通用数据链路面对电子攻击的脆弱性

本文为美国陆军指挥与参谋学院（作者：JAYSEN A. YOCHIM）的硕士论文，共118页。

无人驾驶飞机正在伊拉克和阿富汗战场上发挥关键作用，它们是基础防御计划和关键基础设施保护的组成部分。它们使指挥官能够在其职责范围内监控各类活动，并在需要时指导行动。许多决策者将无人驾驶飞机系统视为有人驾驶飞机的一种经济有效的替代品，也是一种防止飞行员生命危险的方法。这些系统比载人飞机有许多优点，它们不会受到人类活动的限制。它们可以在空中停留很长时间，不需要生命维护系统，不需要吃饭或睡觉，永远不会拒绝任何任务。它们可以通过执行生存几率最小的任务来减少友军的生命损失。然而，与载人飞机相比，无人系统也有一些缺点。由于它们是由地面操作人员驾驶的，因此仍然容易发生人为错误。随着无人机能力的提高，它们的开发和采购成本呈指数级增长。当前的无人机系统不是自主的，它们的控制取决于不间断的通信。它们对恒定控制信号的依赖导致了无人机事故率比有人驾驶飞机高100倍。这种威胁还可能被电子战破坏通信信号，从而彻底瘫痪无人驾驶系统。

Unmanned aircraft are fulfilling criticalroles inIraqandAfghanistan.They are integral in base defense plans and the protection of keyinfrastructure. They enable commanders to monitor activity throughout theirarea of responsibility and direct action, when required. Many policymakers seeUnmanned Aircraft Systems as a cost effective alternative to manned aircraftand a way to prevent risking a pilot’s life. These systems have a number ofadvantages over manned aircraft. They are unbound by human limitations. Theycan remain airborne for long durations, do not require life support systems, donot need to eat or sleep, and they will never say no to a mission. They mayminimize friendly loss of life by conducting missions that have a minimalchance of survival. However, unmanned systems also have some disadvantages whencompared to manned aircraft. They are still prone to human error due to theirbeing flown by ground-based operators. Their development and procurement costhas grown exponentially as capabilities increase. Current systems are notautonomous and their control is contingent on uninterrupted communications.Their dependence on a constant control signal has contributed to a UAS accidentrate 100 times greater than manned aircraft A threat could exploit this needfor an uninterrupted data feed by using Electronic Warfare to disrupt thissignal, potentially crippling unmanned systems.

1 引言
2 文献回顾
3 研究方法
4 具体分析
5 结论与研究建议