1.安装
-
npm install redux --save(用于中间键applyMiddleware和createStore)
-
npm install react-redux --save(用于装饰器写法connect)
-
npm install --save prop-types(监听数据格式传递是否正确)
-
redux-thunk:npm install redux-thunk --save(用于thunk,可以异步加载)
-
redux-logger: npm install redux-logger --save
2.新建store文件
import { createStore, applyMiddleware } from 'redux';
import logger from 'redux-logger'
import thunk from 'redux-thunk'
let defaultState = {count:1}
//第一个reducer
const FirstReducer = (state=defaultState,action)=>{
switch(action.type){
case 'add':
return {count:state.count+1};
case 'reduce':
return {count:state.count-1};
default:
return state;
}
}
//创建数据仓库,把编写好的reducer传给createStore
const store = createStore(FirstReducer,applyMiddleware(thunk,logger));//用applyMiddleware中间键会异步加载,传入logger参数时组件操作会自动打印日志,参数thunk表示异步加载
export default store;
3.react-redux.js文件
解释:connect是高阶函数的写法,主要是将组件内的state和dispatch都转化成props来调用。第一个参数是mapStateToProps,返回想要的的值类型,第二个参数是mapDispatchToProps,返回的组件中的方法。
1).非装饰器写法
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import { connect } from 'react-redux'
const mapStateToProps = (state,ownProps)=>{//第一个参数就是 Redux的store,第二个参数 ownProps是组件自己的 props
console.log(state,ownProps,'state,ownProps')
return {
count:state.count
}
}
const mapDispatchToProps = (dispatch)=>{
return {
add:()=>dispatch({type:"add"}),
reduce:()=>dispatch({type:"reduce"})
}
}
class FirstRedux extends Component {
state = { }
render() {
return (
<div>
{/* 属性获取 */}
{this.props.count}
{/* 方法调用 */}
<button onClick={()=>{this.props.add()}}>加一</button>
<button onClick={()=>{this.props.reduce()}}>减一</button>
</div>
);
}
}
export default connect(mapStateToProps,mapDispatchToProps)(FirstRedux);
2)装饰器写法
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import { connect } from 'react-redux'
@connect(
state=>({count:state.count}),//这里的state是参数,store里面的形参
dispatch=>({
add:()=>dispatch({type:"add"}),//这里的dispatch是参数,store里面的形参
reduce:()=>dispatch({type:"reduce"}),//这里的dispatch是参数,store里面的形参
asyncAdd:()=>dispatch=>{
setTimeout(()=>{
dispatch({type:"add"});//异步调用,直接写的话就会报错,需要借助thunk
},2000)
}
}),
)
class FirstRedux extends Component {
state = { }
render() {
return (
<div>
{/* 属性获取 */}
{this.props.count}
{/* 方法调用 */}
<button onClick={()=>{this.props.add()}}>加一</button>
<button onClick={()=>{this.props.reduce()}}>减一</button>
</div>
);
}
}
export default FirstRedux;
3)调用:
state调用:this.props.count。
方法:this.props.add()
3.在组件被render的地方,或者根目录root被render的地方:
import './index.css';
import App from './App';
import store from './components/redux/store'
import {Provider} from 'react-redux';
import { createStore, applyMiddleware } from 'redux';
import logger from 'redux-logger'
import thunk from 'redux-thunk'
import {FirstReducer} from './components/redux/store2'
ReactDOM.render(
<Provider store={store}>
<App />
</Provider>
,
document.getElementById('root')
);