Ordering是Guava类库提供的一个犀利强大的比较器工具,Guava的Ordering和JDK Comparator相比功能更强。它非常容易扩展,可以轻松构造复杂的comparator,然后用在容器的比较、排序等操作中。
本质上来说,Ordering 实例无非就是一个特殊的Comparator 实例。Ordering只是需要依赖于一个比较器(例如,Collections.max)的方法,并使其可作为实例方法。另外,Ordering提供了链式方法调用和加强现有的比较器。
下面我们看看Ordering中的一些具体方法和简单的使用实例。
常见的静态方法:
natural():使用Comparable类型的自然顺序, 例如:整数从小到大,字符串是按字典顺序;
usingToString() :使用toString()返回的字符串按字典顺序进行排序;
arbitrary() :返回一个所有对象的任意顺序, 即compare(a, b) == 0 就是 a == b (identity equality)。 本身的排序是没有任何含义, 但是在VM的生命周期是一个常量。
简单实例:
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import com.google.common.collect.Ordering;
public class OrderingTest {
@Test
public void testStaticOrdering(){
List<String> list = Lists.newArrayList();
list.add("peida");
list.add("jerry");
list.add("harry");
list.add("eva");
list.add("jhon");
list.add("neron");
System.out.println("list:"+ list);
Ordering<String> naturalOrdering = Ordering.natural();
Ordering<Object> usingToStringOrdering = Ordering.usingToString();
Ordering<Object> arbitraryOrdering = Ordering.arbitrary();
System.out.println("naturalOrdering:"+ naturalOrdering.sortedCopy(list));
System.out.println("usingToStringOrdering:"+ usingToStringOrdering.sortedCopy(list));
System.out.println("arbitraryOrdering:"+ arbitraryOrdering.sortedCopy(list));
}
}
输出:
list:[peida, jerry, harry, eva, jhon, neron]
naturalOrdering:[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida]
usingToStringOrdering:[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida]
arbitraryOrdering:[neron, harry, eva, jerry, peida, jhon]
操作方法:
reverse(): 返回与当前Ordering相反的排序:
nullsFirst(): 返回一个将null放在non-null元素之前的Ordering,其他的和原始的Ordering一样;
nullsLast():返回一个将null放在non-null元素之后的Ordering,其他的和原始的Ordering一样;
compound(Comparator):返回一个使用Comparator的Ordering,Comparator作为第二排序元素,例如对bug列表进行排序,先根据bug的级别,再根据优先级进行排序;
lexicographical():返回一个按照字典元素迭代的Ordering;
onResultOf(Function):将function应用在各个元素上之后, 在使用原始ordering进行排序;
greatestOf(Iterable iterable, int k):返回指定的第k个可迭代的最大的元素,按照这个从最大到最小的顺序。是不稳定的。
leastOf(Iterable iterable,int k):返回指定的第k个可迭代的最小的元素,按照这个从最小到最大的顺序。是不稳定的。
isOrdered(Iterable):是否有序,Iterable不能少于2个元素。
isStrictlyOrdered(Iterable):是否严格有序。请注意,Iterable不能少于两个元素。
sortedCopy(Iterable):返回指定的元素作为一个列表的排序副本。
package com.peidasoft.guava.base;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import com.google.common.collect.Ordering;
public class OrderingTest {
@Test
public void testOrdering(){
List<String> list = Lists.newArrayList();
list.add("peida");
list.add("jerry");
list.add("harry");
list.add("eva");
list.add("jhon");
list.add("neron");
System.out.println("list:"+ list);
Ordering<String> naturalOrdering = Ordering.natural();
System.out.println("naturalOrdering:"+ naturalOrdering.sortedCopy(list));
List<Integer> listReduce= Lists.newArrayList();
for(int i=9;i>0;i--){
listReduce.add(i);
}
List<Integer> listtest= Lists.newArrayList();
listtest.add(1);
listtest.add(1);
listtest.add(1);
listtest.add(2);
Ordering<Integer> naturalIntReduceOrdering = Ordering.natural();
System.out.println("listtest:"+ listtest);
System.out.println(naturalIntReduceOrdering.isOrdered(listtest));
System.out.println(naturalIntReduceOrdering.isStrictlyOrdered(listtest));
System.out.println("naturalIntReduceOrdering:"+ naturalIntReduceOrdering.sortedCopy(listReduce));
System.out.println("listReduce:"+ listReduce);
System.out.println(naturalIntReduceOrdering.isOrdered(naturalIntReduceOrdering.sortedCopy(listReduce)));
System.out.println(naturalIntReduceOrdering.isStrictlyOrdered(naturalIntReduceOrdering.sortedCopy(listReduce)));
Ordering<String> natural = Ordering.natural();
List<String> abc = ImmutableList.of("a", "b", "c");
System.out.println(natural.isOrdered(abc));
System.out.println(natural.isStrictlyOrdered(abc));
System.out.println("isOrdered reverse :"+ natural.reverse().isOrdered(abc));
List<String> cba = ImmutableList.of("c", "b", "a");
System.out.println(natural.isOrdered(cba));
System.out.println(natural.isStrictlyOrdered(cba));
System.out.println(cba = natural.sortedCopy(cba));
System.out.println("max:"+natural.max(cba));
System.out.println("min:"+natural.min(cba));
System.out.println("leastOf:"+natural.leastOf(cba, 2));
System.out.println("naturalOrdering:"+ naturalOrdering.sortedCopy(list));
System.out.println("leastOf list:"+naturalOrdering.leastOf(list, 3));
System.out.println("greatestOf:"+naturalOrdering.greatestOf(list, 3));
System.out.println("reverse list :"+ naturalOrdering.reverse().sortedCopy(list));
System.out.println("isOrdered list :"+ naturalOrdering.isOrdered(list));
System.out.println("isOrdered list :"+ naturalOrdering.reverse().isOrdered(list));
list.add(null);
System.out.println(" add null list:"+list);
System.out.println("nullsFirst list :"+ naturalOrdering.nullsFirst().sortedCopy(list));
System.out.println("nullsLast list :"+ naturalOrdering.nullsLast().sortedCopy(list));
}
}
//============输出==============
list:[peida, jerry, harry, eva, jhon, neron]
naturalOrdering:[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida]
listtest:[1, 1, 1, 2]
true
false
naturalIntReduceOrdering:[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
listReduce:[9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
true
true
true
true
isOrdered reverse :false
false
false
[a, b, c]
max:c
min:a
leastOf:[a, b]
naturalOrdering:[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida]
leastOf list:[eva, harry, jerry]
greatestOf:[peida, neron, jhon]
reverse list :[peida, neron, jhon, jerry, harry, eva]
isOrdered list :false
isOrdered list :false
add null list:[peida, jerry, harry, eva, jhon, neron, null]
nullsFirst list :[null, eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida]
nullsLast list :[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida, null]