关于yaml注入实体类的操作

1,用@value进行的普通的注入

首先创建一个实体类为Dog

package com.kuang.springboot01helloword.pojo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component(value = "hah")
public class Dog {
    @Value("大黄")
    private String name;
    @Value("18")
    private Integer age;
    public Dog(String name, Integer age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public Dog() {
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dog{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

@Component(value = "hah")是指定对象的名字，一旦有多个对象时，在装配时便要用到名字以区分。

在test中进行测试

package com.kuang.springboot01helloword;

import com.kuang.springboot01helloword.pojo.Dog;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest
class Springboot01HellowordApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "hah")
    Dog  dog;
    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(dog);
    }
}

2,用yaml文件进行注入

首先在resources下创建application.yaml配置文件

然后创建实体类Person

package com.kuang.springboot01helloword.pojo;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="person")
public class Person {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean happy;
    private Date birth;
    private Map<String,Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;

    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(String name, Integer age, Boolean happy, Date birth, Map<String, Object> maps, List<Object> lists, Dog dog) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.happy = happy;
        this.birth = birth;
        this.maps = maps;
        this.lists = lists;
        this.dog = dog;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Boolean getHappy() {
        return happy;
    }

    public void setHappy(Boolean happy) {
        this.happy = happy;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
        return maps;
    }
    public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
        this.maps = maps;
    }
    public List<Object> getLists() {
        return lists;
    }
    public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
        this.lists = lists;
    }
    public Dog getDog() {
        return dog;
    }
    public void setDog(Dog dog) {
        this.dog = dog;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", happy=" + happy +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                ", maps=" + maps +
                ", lists=" + lists +
                ", dog=" + dog +
                '}';
    }
}

然后编写application.yaml配置文件

person:
  name: qinjiang
  age: 3
  happy: false
  birth: 2000/01/01
  maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}
  lists:
    - code
    - girl
    - music
  dog:
    name: 旺财
    age: 1

在测试类test中运行

package com.kuang.springboot01helloword;

import com.kuang.springboot01helloword.pojo.Dog;
import com.kuang.springboot01helloword.pojo.Person;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest
class Springboot01HellowordApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    Person person;
    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(person);
    }
}

注意：

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="person")中的person和application.yaml中的person是相对应的，并且属性名字必须是相同的，不然的话，赋值为null。

如果报错：Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-resources-plugin:3.2.0…
只需要在maven中加上下面的依赖：

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <!--在这里修改版本-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.4.3</version>
            </plugin>
            <!---->
        </plugins>
    </build>

3,加载指定的配置文件

@PropertySource ：加载指定的配置文件；
@configurationProperties：默认从全局配置文件中获取值；

在resources目录下新建一个Person.properties文件

name=kuangshen

在类Person中进行注入

在测试类中进行运行

4,加载propertise配置文件

注意：properties配置文件在写中文的时候，会有乱码 ， 我们需要去IDEA中设置编码格式为UTF-8；
settings–>FileEncodings 中配置；

新建一个实体类User

@Component //注册bean
public class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String sex;
}

编辑配置文件 user.properties

user1.name=kuangshen
user1.age=18
user1.sex=男

在User类上使用@Value来进行注入

@Component //注册bean
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:user.properties")
public class User {
    //直接使用@value
    @Value("${user.name}") //从配置文件中取值
    private String name;
    @Value("#{9*2}")  // #{SPEL} Spring表达式
    private int age;
    @Value("男")  // 字面量
    private String sex;
}

Springboot测试

@SpringBootTest
class DemoApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    User user;
    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

结果