Python2与Python3的某些区别

整除

python3整除时返回为float类型，python2返回的是int类型

# python3
root@bian-virtual-machine:/home# python3
Python 3.8.10 (default, Jun  2 2021, 10:49:15) 
[GCC 9.4.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print(4 / 2)
2.0

# python2
[root@localhost local]# python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Nov 16 2020, 22:23:17) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print(4 / 2)
2
>>> 

字典中的方法：dict.items()

python3中dict.items()返回值为dict_items类型， python2中dict.items()返回值为列表

dicts = {"name": "lisi", "age": 1}
dicts2 = {"class": "数学", "score": 100, "name": "maliu"}
# Python3的 dict.items()返回值由原来的列表修改为dict_items类型
print(type(dicts.items()))    # <class 'dict_items'>

print(dict(dicts.items()))    # {'name': 'lisi', 'age': 1}

print(list(dicts.items()))    # [('name', 'lisi'), ('age', 1)]

map函数

在python3中map函数返回的是map类型的对象，而在python2中map返回的是列表。

# python3
def square(x):
    return x ** 2

res = map(square, [1, 2, 3, 4])
print(list(res))
print(type(res))

// output
[1, 4, 9, 16]
<class 'map'>

# python2
Python 2.7.5 (default, Nov 16 2020, 22:23:17) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> res = map(lambda x: x**2, [1,2,3])
>>> res
[1, 4, 9]
>>> type(res)
<type 'list'>
>>> 

项目中遇到的问题

python中逻辑运算的优先级

print(not "name" in dicts and dicts["name"])  # in的优先级 > not的优先级 > and的优先级

// output
PS D:\code\test> & "D:/Program Files/Python37/python.exe" d:/code/test/test.py
False

优先级