静态路由综合实验

实验需求

1.除R5的环回地址已固定外，其他所有的网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理的IP地址划分
2.R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口，用于模拟连接pc的网段；地址也在192.168.1.0/24这个网络范围内
3.R1-R4上不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问
4.全网可达，尽量减少每台路由器，路由表条目的数量；避免环路出现
5.R4与R5间，正常1000M链路通信，故障时自动改为100M

实验拓扑

实验分析

1.将192.168.1.0/24分为8个网段：

• 192.168.1.0/27
• 192.168.1.32/27
• 192.168.1.64/27
• 192.168.1.96/27
• 192.168.1.128/27
• 192.168.1.160/27
• 192.168.1.192/27
• 192.168.1.224/27

2.将上述8个网段分配给4个路由器上总共8个环回接口即可
3.可以添加缺省路由达到目的
4.使用手工汇总减少路由表条目，配置空接口解决汇总产生的路由黑洞，使用最短路径避免成环
5.R4与R5之间使用浮动静态

配置内容

为R1~R5配置环回接口分配网段，并配置路由器之间的网络

R1

[r1]int LoopBack 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.1 27
[r1-LoopBack0]q
[r1]int LoopBack 1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.33 27
[r1-LoopBack1]q
[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 10.0.1.1 16
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r1]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.2.1.1 16

R2

[r2]int LoopBack 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 27
[r2-LoopBack0]q
[r2]int LoopBack 1
[r2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.97 27
[r2-LoopBack1]q
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 10.0.2.2 16
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r2]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.1.2.2 16

R3

[r3]int LoopBack 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 27
[r3-LoopBack0]q
[r3]int LoopBack 1
[r3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.161 27
[r3-LoopBack1]q
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 10.2.3.3 16
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r3]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.3.3.3 16

R4

[r4]int LoopBack 0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.193 27
[r4-LoopBack0]q
[r4]int LoopBack 1
[r4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.225 27
[r4-LoopBack1]q
[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 10.1.4.4 16
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r4]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.4.4.4 16
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r4]int g0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 10.3.4.4 16
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[r4]int g0/0/3
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]ip add 10.5.4.4 16

R5

[r5]int LoopBack 0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 5.5.5.5 24
[r5-LoopBack0]q
[r5]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 10.4.5.5 16
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r5]int g0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.5.5.5 16

配置静态路由表

R1

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 26 10.0.2.2
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.192 26 10.0.2.2
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 25 10.2.3.3
[r1]ip route-static 10.1.0.0 16 10.0.2.2
[r1]ip route-static 10.3.0.0 16 10.2.3.3
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.0.2.2
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.2.3.3

R2

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 26 10.0.1.1
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 26 10.0.1.1
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 25 10.1.4.4
[r2]ip route-static 10.2.0.0 16 10.0.1.1
[r2]ip route-static 10.3.0.0 16 10.1.4.4
[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.1.4.4

R3

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 25 10.2.1.1
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 26 10.3.4.4
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.192 26 10.3.4.4
[r3]ip route-static 10.0.0.0 16 10.2.1.1
[r3]ip route-static 10.1.0.0 16 10.3.4.4
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.3.4.4

R4

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 25 10.1.2.2
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 26 10.3.3.3
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.128 26 10.3.3.3
[r4]ip route-static 10.0.0.0 16 10.1.2.2
[r4]ip route-static 10.2.0.0 16 10.3.3.3
[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.4.5.5
[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.5.5.5 preference 100
[r4]ip route-static 10.6.0.0 15 NULL 0

R5

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 10.4.4.4
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 10.5.4.4 preference 100
[r5]ip route-static 10.0.0.0 13 10.4.4.4
[r5]ip route-static 10.0.0.0 13 10.5.4.4 preference100
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 5.5.5.1

结果验证