相机控制实例，python代码pypylon库应用

示例一：

使用Basler Pylon Python 接口库（pypylon）来实现相机图像采集的功能。 主要实现了从相机中实时抓取图像并显示，通过这种方式进行图像采集。集成了 Basler Pylon Python 接口库，提供了用于相机设备控制和图像处理的功能。

#引入了相机模块和通用相机访问模块，并引入了时间模块。
from pypylon import pylon
from pypylon import genicam
import time
# 在 try 块中进行相机图像采集：
try:
    # 创建了一个 PylonImageWindow 对象 imageWindow，用于显示图像。
    imageWindow = pylon.PylonImageWindow()
    imageWindow.Create(1)
    # # 创建了一个 InstantCamera 对象 camera，并连接到第一个找到的相机设备。
    camera = pylon.InstantCamera(pylon.TlFactory.GetInstance().CreateFirstDevice())

    # # 打印相机设备的型号名称。
    print("Using device ", camera.GetDeviceInfo().GetModelName())

    # 调用 StartGrabbingMax 方法开始连续抓取图像，参数设置为最大 10000 张图像以及最新图像模式。
    camera.StartGrabbingMax(10000, pylon.GrabStrategy_LatestImageOnly)

    # 进入循环，检查是否正在抓取图像，如果是，等待图像并获取结果。
    while camera.IsGrabbing():
        # Wait for an image and then retrieve it. A timeout of 5000 ms is used.
        grabResult = camera.RetrieveResult(5000, pylon.TimeoutHandling_ThrowException)

        # 如果成功获取图像，则在图像窗口中显示图像。
        # 如果获取过程出现错误，则打印错误信息。
        # 释放采集结果，并等待一段时间后继续下一个循环。
        if grabResult.GrabSucceeded():
            imageWindow.SetImage(grabResult)
            imageWindow.Show()
        else:
            print("Error: ",
                  grabResult.ErrorCode)
        grabResult.Release()
        time.sleep(0.05)

        # 如果图像窗口不可见，则停止图像抓取。
        if not imageWindow.IsVisible():
            camera.StopGrabbing()

    # 最后需手动关闭相机和图像窗口。
    camera.Close()
    imageWindow.Close()

# 在 except genicam.GenericException as e 块中处理异常情况，打印异常信息。
except genicam.GenericException as e:
    # Error handling.
    print("An exception occurred.")
    print(e.GetDescription())

示例二：

使用Basler Pylon Python 接口库（pypylon）来实现相机图像采集的功能。

from pypylon import pylon
# import cv2
from datetime import date, datetime
# search device and get device
def search_get_device():
    tl_factory = pylon.TlFactory.GetInstance()
    for dev_info in tl_factory.EnumerateDevices():
        print("DeviceClass:", dev_info.GetDeviceClass())
        if dev_info.GetDeviceClass() == 'BaslerGigE':  # 千兆网(GigE)
            print(f"ModelName:{dev_info.GetModelName()}\n"f"IP:{dev_info.GetIpAddress()}")
            camera = pylon.InstantCamera(tl_factory.CreateDevice(dev_info))
            break
    else:
        raise EnvironmentError("no GigE device found")
    return camera


def save_multi_image():
    cam = search_get_device()
    img = pylon.PylonImage()
    num_img_to_save = 5
    cam.Open()
    cam.StartGrabbing()  # Starts the grabbing for a maximum number of images.
    for i in range(num_img_to_save):
        with cam.RetrieveResult(2000) as result:
            # Calling AttachGrabResultBuffer creates another reference to the
            # grab result buffer. This prevents the buffer's reuse for grabbing.
            img.AttachGrabResultBuffer(result)
            # print("Img reference:",img)
            # print("Result reference",result)
            # The JPEG format that is used here supports adjusting the image
            # quality (100 -> best quality, 0 -> poor quality).
            ipo = pylon.ImagePersistenceOptions()
            quality = 100 - i * 20
            # quality = 100
            ipo.SetQuality(quality)
            filename = f"saved_pypylon_img_{quality}.jpeg"
            img.Save(pylon.ImageFileFormat_Jpeg, filename)#, ipo)
            img.Release()
    cam.StopGrabbing()
    cam.Close()

def grab_show_image():
    cam = search_get_device()
    cam.Open()
    # Grabing Continusely (video) with minimal delay
    cam.StartGrabbing(pylon.GrabStrategy_LatestImageOnly)
    converter = pylon.ImageFormatConverter()
    # converting to opencv bgr format
    converter.OutputPixelFormat = pylon.PixelType_BGR8packed
    converter.OutputBitAlignment = pylon.OutputBitAlignment_MsbAligned
    # Wait for an image and then retrieve it. A timeout of 5000 ms is used.
    grabResult = cam.RetrieveResult(5000, pylon.TimeoutHandling_ThrowException)
    # Image grabbed successfully?
    # print(dir(grabResult))
    if grabResult.GrabSucceeded():
        # Access the image data.
        print("SizeX: ", grabResult.Width)
        print("SizeY: ", grabResult.Height)
        # img type class 'numpy.ndarray', shape 1944*2592*2
        img = grabResult.Array

        print("Gray value of first pixel: ", img[0, 0])

        # After convert to image(ndarray) shape 1944*2592*3
        image = converter.Convert(grabResult)
        weld_img = image.GetArray()
        # cv2.namedWindow('test', cv2.WINDOW_NORMAL)
        # cv2.imshow('test', weld_img)
        # cv2.waitKey(0)
        # cv2.destroyAllWindows()
        print('weld_img_type',type(weld_img))
        print('img_type', type(img))
        print(weld_img[weld_img[:,:,1] != img[:,:,0]])
    else:
        print("Error: ", grabResult.ErrorCode, grabResult.ErrorDescription)
    grabResult.Release()
    cam.Close()
# grab_show_image()


def grab_image_save():
    cam = search_get_device()
    cam.Open()
    save_img = pylon.PylonImage()
    # Grabing Continusely (video) with minimal delay
    cam.StartGrabbing(pylon.GrabStrategy_LatestImageOnly)

    # Wait for an image and then retrieve it. A timeout of 5000 ms is used.
    grabResult = cam.RetrieveResult(5000, pylon.TimeoutHandling_ThrowException)
    # Image grabbed successfully
    # print(dir(grabResult))
    if grabResult.GrabSucceeded():
        # save image
        filename = f"Image{datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S')}.jpeg"
        save_img.AttachGrabResultBuffer(grabResult)
        ipo = pylon.ImagePersistenceOptions()
        ipo.SetQuality(quality=100)
        save_img.Save(pylon.ImageFileFormat_Jpeg, filename, ipo)
        save_img.Release()
        # Access the image data.
        # img type class 'numpy.ndarray', shape 1944*2592*2
        img = grabResult.Array
        print('img_type', type(img))
    else:
        print("Error: ", grabResult.ErrorCode, grabResult.ErrorDescription)
    grabResult.Release()
    cam.Close()
    return img

grab_image_save()

示例三：

#导入需要的库
from pypylon import pylon
#创建一个相机实例
camera = pylon.InstantCamera(pylon.TlFactory.GetInstance().CreateFirstDevice())
#打开相机
camera.Open()

# demonstrate some feature access
new_width = camera.Width.GetValue() - camera.Width.GetInc()
if new_width >= camera.Width.GetMin():
    camera.Width.SetValue(new_width)

numberOfImagesToGrab = 100
#开始图像采集
camera.StartGrabbingMax(numberOfImagesToGrab)
#进行图像采集
while camera.IsGrabbing():
    grabResult = camera.RetrieveResult(5000, pylon.TimeoutHandling_ThrowException)

    if grabResult.GrabSucceeded():
        # Access the image data.
        #在这里可以对获取到的图像进行处理
        #例如保存到本地或进行图像处理
        print("SizeX: ", grabResult.Width)
        print("SizeY: ", grabResult.Height)
        img = grabResult.Array
        print("Gray value of first pixel: ",img[0, 0])

    grabResult.Release()

#停止图像采集
camera.StopGrabbing()

#关闭相机
camera.Close()