java基础——创建对象的四种方式总结实例

一、创建对象的四种方式

首先准备一个Student实体类进行测试。

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @author zll
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/6/9 16:54
 */
public class Student implements Serializable, Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String sex;


    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }

    public Student() {
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.getClass()+"Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public Student(String name, Integer age, String sex) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

1、new关键字

/**
 * 1、通过关键字：new，创建一个对象
 * @author zll
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/6/9 16:57
 */
public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Student stu1=new Student("Lily",18,"girl");
        Student stu2=new Student("Tom",19,"boy");
        System.out.println(stu1.toString());
        System.out.println(stu2.toString());
    }
}

2、反射

/**
 * 2、通过反射创建对象
 * @author zll
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/6/9 17:00
 */
public class test02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //new一个对象
        Student instance = new Student();

        //通过反射创建一个对象
        Class c = Student.class;
        Constructor constructor = c.getDeclaredConstructor();
        constructor.setAccessible(true);

        Student newInstance = (Student) constructor.newInstance();
        System.out.println(instance);
        System.out.println(newInstance);
    }
}

3、序列化

实体类需要实现Serializable接口。

/**
 * 3、序列化创建对象
 * 一个对象实现了Serializable接口，就可以把对象写入到文件中，并通过读取文件来创建对象。
 * @author zll
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/6/9 17:19
 */
public class test03 {
    public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception{
        Student instance =Student.class.newInstance();

        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("file"));
        oos.writeObject(instance);
        File f = new File("file");
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(f));
        Student newInstance2 = (Student) ois.readObject();

        System.out.println(newInstance2.toString());
    }
}

4、clone

实体类需要实现Cloneable接口，重写run方法。

/**
 * 4、clone创建对象
 * @author zll
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/6/9 17:28
 */
public class test04 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Student stu1=new Student("赵四",34,"男");

        Student stu2=(Student) stu1.clone();
        stu2.setAge(80);

        System.out.println(stu1.toString());
        System.out.println(stu2.toString());


    }
}