from urllib import request,parse
# 异常处理
from urllib.error import HTTPError, URLError
# 保存cookie
from http import cookiejar
# 定义cookie函数
class session(object):
def __init__(self):
# 创建一个cookie容器
cookie_object = cookiejar.CookieJar()
# 对应的一个操作,cookie的添加
handler = request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie_object)
# 实例化一个cookie方法
self.opener = request.build_opener(handler)
def get(self, url, headers=None):
return get(url,headers,self.opener)
def post(self, url, form, headers=None):
return post(url, form, headers, self.opener)
# 定义函数,form传参为post,不传参为get
def urlrequests(url,form=None,headers=None, opener=None):
# 定义默认headers,如果不传参就用默认的,传参就替换默认的。
if headers == None:
headers={
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
html_bytes = b''
try:
if form:
# 有form传参则为post请求
# 转化成str
form_str = parse.urlencode(form)
print(form_str)
# 转化成bytes
form_byes = form_str.encode('utf-8')
print(form_byes)
req = request.Request(url,data=form_byes,headers=headers)
else:
# 其他的为get请求
req = request.Request(url,headers=headers)
# 假如有传入opener 则用opener调用
if opener:
response = opener.open(req)
else:
response = request.urlopen(req)
# 发送请求
html_bytes = response.read()
except HTTPError as e:
print(e)
except URLError as e:
print(e)
return html_bytes
# get请求封装
def get(url, headers=None, opener=None):
return urlrequests(url, headers=headers,opener=opener)
# post请求封装
def post(url, form, headers=None,opener=None):
return urlrequests(url, form, headers=headers,opener=opener)
if __name__=='__main__':
# 直接调用
# url = 'http://fanyi.baidu.com/sug'
# form = {
# 'kw':'呵呵'
# }
# html = urlrequests(url,form)
# print(html)
# post请求调用
# url = 'http://fanyi.baidu.com/sug'
# form = {
# 'kw':'呵呵'
# }
# html = post(url,form=form)
# print(html)
# get请求调用
url = 'http://www.baidu.com'
html = get(url)
print(html)
Python的post和get请求封装
最新推荐文章于 2024-02-28 14:13:20 发布