初谈pipenv

最近开发flask项目，用到pipenv，（很多地方都推荐pipenv）
但很有意思的是，百度pipenv出现头两条就是拥抱pipenv和不要用pipenv，笑哭，这是要闹哪样
官方文档请点击这里
为什么使用Pipenv
Pipenv会自动帮你管理虚拟环境和依赖文件，并且提供了一系列命令和选项来帮助你实现各种依赖和环境管理相关的操作。简而言之，它更方便、完善和安全。
说一点简单命令：（环境python3.6，windows）
安装pipenv

pip install pipenv

在指定目录下创建虚拟环境, 会使用本地默认版本的python
想直接安装requirments.txt模块

pipenv install -r requirments.txt

当然如果不安装模块直接运行生成虚拟环境（如果此目录下有requirments.txt这个文件会默认安装文件内模块，上述安装模块可更改requirments.txt文件名称哦，如，aaa.txt）

pipenv install

此时目录下会生成两个文件，pipfile和pipfile.lock，一个是虚拟环境安装的模块，一个是模块之间的锁关系
激活虚拟环境

pipenv shell

安装第三方模块

pipenv install flask==1.1.1 && pipenv install flask

安装和卸载基本上和pip一样，只是pip改成pipenv
要说一点的是运行此虚拟环境pip安装的模块不会更新pipfile和锁文件，只有pipenv安装这两个文件才会同步更新
pipenv的其他指令
卸载包

$ pipenv uninstall numpy

当前虚拟环境目录

$ pipenv --venv

当前项目根目录

$ pipenv --where

简单看一下pipfile和pipfile.lock文件内容
pipfile

[[source]]
name = "pypi"
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true

[dev-packages]

[packages]
amqp = "==2.5.2"
billiard = "==3.6.2.0"
celery = "==4.4.0"
certifi = "==2019.11.28"
chardet = "==3.0.4"
click = "==7.0"
demjson = "==2.2.4"
idna = "==2.9"
importlib-metadata = "==1.5.0"
itsdangerous = "==1.1.0"
kombu = "==4.6.7"
paho-mqtt = "==1.5.0"
python-dateutil = "==2.8.1"
pytz = "==2019.3"
redis = "==3.4.1"
requests = "==2.23.0"
six = "==1.14.0"
tzlocal = "==2.0.0"
urllib3 = "==1.25.8"
vine = "==1.3.0"
APScheduler = "==3.6.3"
Flask = "==1.1.1"
Flask-APScheduler = "==1.11.0"
Flask-Cors = "==3.0.8"
Flask-Session = "==0.3.1"
Flask-SQLAlchemy = "==2.4.1"
Flask-WTF = "==0.14.3"
Jinja2 = "==2.11.1"
MarkupSafe = "==1.1.1"
PyMySQL = "==0.9.3"
PyYAML = "==5.3"
SQLAlchemy = "==1.3.13"
Werkzeug = "==1.0.0"
WTForms = "==2.2.1"

[requires]
python_version = "3.6"

pipfile.lock

{
    "_meta": {
        "hash": {
            "sha256": "00e81172f1b0194c5503e6d722be6905abc92423ff7fe48da8bbf8a026d2173b"
        },
        "pipfile-spec": 6,
        "requires": {
            "python_version": "3.6"
        },
        "sources": [
            {
                "name": "pypi",
                "url": "https://pypi.org/simple",
                "verify_ssl": true
            }
        ]
    },
    "default": {
        "amqp": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:6e649ca13a7df3faacdc8bbb280aa9a6602d22fd9d545336077e573a1f4ff3b8",
                "sha256:77f1aef9410698d20eaeac5b73a87817365f457a507d82edf292e12cbb83b08d"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==2.5.2"
        },
        "apscheduler": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:3bb5229eed6fbbdafc13ce962712ae66e175aa214c69bed35a06bffcf0c5e244",
                "sha256:e8b1ecdb4c7cb2818913f766d5898183c7cb8936680710a4d3a966e02262e526"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==3.6.3"
        },
        "billiard": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:26fd494dc3251f8ce1f5559744f18aeed427fdaf29a75d7baae26752a5d3816f",
                "sha256:f4e09366653aa3cb3ae8ed16423f9ba1665ff426f087bcdbbed86bf3664fe02c"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==3.6.2.0"
        },
        "celery": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:7c544f37a84a5eadc44cab1aa8c9580dff94636bb81978cdf9bf8012d9ea7d8f",
                "sha256:d3363bb5df72d74420986a435449f3c3979285941dff57d5d97ecba352a0e3e2"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==4.4.0"
        },
        "certifi": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:017c25db2a153ce562900032d5bc68e9f191e44e9a0f762f373977de9df1fbb3",
                "sha256:25b64c7da4cd7479594d035c08c2d809eb4aab3a26e5a990ea98cc450c320f1f"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==2019.11.28"
        },
        "chardet": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:84ab92ed1c4d4f16916e05906b6b75a6c0fb5db821cc65e70cbd64a3e2a5eaae",
                "sha256:fc323ffcaeaed0e0a02bf4d117757b98aed530d9ed4531e3e15460124c106691"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==3.0.4"
        },
        "click": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:2335065e6395b9e67ca716de5f7526736bfa6ceead690adf616d925bdc622b13",
                "sha256:5b94b49521f6456670fdb30cd82a4eca9412788a93fa6dd6df72c94d5a8ff2d7"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==7.0"
        },
        "demjson": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:31de2038a0fdd9c4c11f8bf3b13fe77bc2a128307f965c8d5fb4dc6d6f6beb79"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==2.2.4"
        },
        "flask": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:13f9f196f330c7c2c5d7a5cf91af894110ca0215ac051b5844701f2bfd934d52",
                "sha256:45eb5a6fd193d6cf7e0cf5d8a5b31f83d5faae0293695626f539a823e93b13f6"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==1.1.1"
        },
        "flask-apscheduler": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:7911d66e449f412d92a1a6c524217f44f4c40a5c92148c60d5189c6c402f87d0"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==1.11.0"
        },
        "flask-cors": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:72170423eb4612f0847318afff8c247b38bd516b7737adfc10d1c2cdbb382d16",
                "sha256:f4d97201660e6bbcff2d89d082b5b6d31abee04b1b3003ee073a6fd25ad1d69a"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==3.0.8"
        },
        "flask-session": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:a31c27e0c3287f00c825b3d9625aba585f4df4cccedb1e7dd5a69a215881a731",
                "sha256:b9b32126bfc52c3169089f2ed9a40e34b589527bda48b633428e07d39d9c8792"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==0.3.1"
        },
        "flask-sqlalchemy": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:0078d8663330dc05a74bc72b3b6ddc441b9a744e2f56fe60af1a5bfc81334327",
                "sha256:6974785d913666587949f7c2946f7001e4fa2cb2d19f4e69ead02e4b8f50b33d"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==2.4.1"
        },
        "flask-wtf": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:57b3faf6fe5d6168bda0c36b0df1d05770f8e205e18332d0376ddb954d17aef2",
                "sha256:d417e3a0008b5ba583da1763e4db0f55a1269d9dd91dcc3eb3c026d3c5dbd720"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==0.14.3"
        },
        "idna": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:7588d1c14ae4c77d74036e8c22ff447b26d0fde8f007354fd48a7814db15b7cb",
                "sha256:a068a21ceac8a4d63dbfd964670474107f541babbd2250d61922f029858365fa"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==2.9"
        },
        "importlib-metadata": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:06f5b3a99029c7134207dd882428a66992a9de2bef7c2b699b5641f9886c3302",
                "sha256:b97607a1a18a5100839aec1dc26a1ea17ee0d93b20b0f008d80a5a050afb200b"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==1.5.0"
        },
        "itsdangerous": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:321b033d07f2a4136d3ec762eac9f16a10ccd60f53c0c91af90217ace7ba1f19",
                "sha256:b12271b2047cb23eeb98c8b5622e2e5c5e9abd9784a153e9d8ef9cb4dd09d749"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==1.1.0"
        },
        "jinja2": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:93187ffbc7808079673ef52771baa950426fd664d3aad1d0fa3e95644360e250",
                "sha256:b0eaf100007721b5c16c1fc1eecb87409464edc10469ddc9a22a27a99123be49"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==2.11.1"
        },
        "kombu": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:2a9e7adff14d046c9996752b2c48b6d9185d0b992106d5160e1a179907a5d4ac",
                "sha256:67b32ccb6fea030f8799f8fd50dd08e03a4b99464ebc4952d71d8747b1a52ad1"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==4.6.7"
        },
        "markupsafe": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:00bc623926325b26bb9605ae9eae8a215691f33cae5df11ca5424f06f2d1f473",
                "sha256:09027a7803a62ca78792ad89403b1b7a73a01c8cb65909cd876f7fcebd79b161",
                "sha256:09c4b7f37d6c648cb13f9230d847adf22f8171b1ccc4d5682398e77f40309235",
                "sha256:1027c282dad077d0bae18be6794e6b6b8c91d58ed8a8d89a89d59693b9131db5",
                "sha256:13d3144e1e340870b25e7b10b98d779608c02016d5184cfb9927a9f10c689f42",
                "sha256:24982cc2533820871eba85ba648cd53d8623687ff11cbb805be4ff7b4c971aff",
                "sha256:29872e92839765e546828bb7754a68c418d927cd064fd4708fab9fe9c8bb116b",
                "sha256:43a55c2930bbc139570ac2452adf3d70cdbb3cfe5912c71cdce1c2c6bbd9c5d1",
                "sha256:46c99d2de99945ec5cb54f23c8cd5689f6d7177305ebff350a58ce5f8de1669e",
                "sha256:500d4957e52ddc3351cabf489e79c91c17f6e0899158447047588650b5e69183",
                "sha256:535f6fc4d397c1563d08b88e485c3496cf5784e927af890fb3c3aac7f933ec66",
                "sha256:596510de112c685489095da617b5bcbbac7dd6384aeebeda4df6025d0256a81b",
                "sha256:62fe6c95e3ec8a7fad637b7f3d372c15ec1caa01ab47926cfdf7a75b40e0eac1",
                "sha256:6788b695d50a51edb699cb55e35487e430fa21f1ed838122d722e0ff0ac5ba15",
                "sha256:6dd73240d2af64df90aa7c4e7481e23825ea70af4b4922f8ede5b9e35f78a3b1",
                "sha256:717ba8fe3ae9cc0006d7c451f0bb265ee07739daf76355d06366154ee68d221e",
                "sha256:79855e1c5b8da654cf486b830bd42c06e8780cea587384cf6545b7d9ac013a0b",
                "sha256:7c1699dfe0cf8ff607dbdcc1e9b9af1755371f92a68f706051cc8c37d447c905",
                "sha256:88e5fcfb52ee7b911e8bb6d6aa2fd21fbecc674eadd44118a9cc3863f938e735",
                "sha256:8defac2f2ccd6805ebf65f5eeb132adcf2ab57aa11fdf4c0dd5169a004710e7d",
                "sha256:98c7086708b163d425c67c7a91bad6e466bb99d797aa64f965e9d25c12111a5e",
                "sha256:9add70b36c5666a2ed02b43b335fe19002ee5235efd4b8a89bfcf9005bebac0d",
                "sha256:9bf40443012702a1d2070043cb6291650a0841ece432556f784f004937f0f32c",
                "sha256:ade5e387d2ad0d7ebf59146cc00c8044acbd863725f887353a10df825fc8ae21",
                "sha256:b00c1de48212e4cc9603895652c5c410df699856a2853135b3967591e4beebc2",
                "sha256:b1282f8c00509d99fef04d8ba936b156d419be841854fe901d8ae224c59f0be5",
                "sha256:b2051432115498d3562c084a49bba65d97cf251f5a331c64a12ee7e04dacc51b",
                "sha256:ba59edeaa2fc6114428f1637ffff42da1e311e29382d81b339c1817d37ec93c6",
                "sha256:c8716a48d94b06bb3b2524c2b77e055fb313aeb4ea620c8dd03a105574ba704f",
                "sha256:cd5df75523866410809ca100dc9681e301e3c27567cf498077e8551b6d20e42f",
                "sha256:cdb132fc825c38e1aeec2c8aa9338310d29d337bebbd7baa06889d09a60a1fa2",
                "sha256:e249096428b3ae81b08327a63a485ad0878de3fb939049038579ac0ef61e17e7",
                "sha256:e8313f01ba26fbbe36c7be1966a7b7424942f670f38e666995b88d012765b9be"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==1.1.1"
        },
        "paho-mqtt": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:e3d286198baaea195c8b3bc221941d25a3ab0e1507fc1779bdb7473806394be4"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==1.5.0"
        },
        "pymysql": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:3943fbbbc1e902f41daf7f9165519f140c4451c179380677e6a848587042561a",
                "sha256:d8c059dcd81dedb85a9f034d5e22dcb4442c0b201908bede99e306d65ea7c8e7"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==0.9.3"
        },
        "python-dateutil": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:73ebfe9dbf22e832286dafa60473e4cd239f8592f699aa5adaf10050e6e1823c",
                "sha256:75bb3f31ea686f1197762692a9ee6a7550b59fc6ca3a1f4b5d7e32fb98e2da2a"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==2.8.1"
        },
        "pytz": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:1c557d7d0e871de1f5ccd5833f60fb2550652da6be2693c1e02300743d21500d",
                "sha256:b02c06db6cf09c12dd25137e563b31700d3b80fcc4ad23abb7a315f2789819be"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==2019.3"
        },
        "pyyaml": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:059b2ee3194d718896c0ad077dd8c043e5e909d9180f387ce42012662a4946d6",
                "sha256:1cf708e2ac57f3aabc87405f04b86354f66799c8e62c28c5fc5f88b5521b2dbf",
                "sha256:24521fa2890642614558b492b473bee0ac1f8057a7263156b02e8b14c88ce6f5",
                "sha256:4fee71aa5bc6ed9d5f116327c04273e25ae31a3020386916905767ec4fc5317e",
                "sha256:70024e02197337533eef7b85b068212420f950319cc8c580261963aefc75f811",
                "sha256:74782fbd4d4f87ff04159e986886931456a1894c61229be9eaf4de6f6e44b99e",
                "sha256:940532b111b1952befd7db542c370887a8611660d2b9becff75d39355303d82d",
                "sha256:cb1f2f5e426dc9f07a7681419fe39cee823bb74f723f36f70399123f439e9b20",
                "sha256:dbbb2379c19ed6042e8f11f2a2c66d39cceb8aeace421bfc29d085d93eda3689",
                "sha256:e3a057b7a64f1222b56e47bcff5e4b94c4f61faac04c7c4ecb1985e18caa3994",
                "sha256:e9f45bd5b92c7974e59bcd2dcc8631a6b6cc380a904725fce7bc08872e691615"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==5.3"
        },
        "redis": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:0dcfb335921b88a850d461dc255ff4708294943322bd55de6cfd68972490ca1f",
                "sha256:b205cffd05ebfd0a468db74f0eedbff8df1a7bfc47521516ade4692991bb0833"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==3.4.1"
        },
        "requests": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:43999036bfa82904b6af1d99e4882b560e5e2c68e5c4b0aa03b655f3d7d73fee",
                "sha256:b3f43d496c6daba4493e7c431722aeb7dbc6288f52a6e04e7b6023b0247817e6"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==2.23.0"
        },
        "six": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:236bdbdce46e6e6a3d61a337c0f8b763ca1e8717c03b369e87a7ec7ce1319c0a",
                "sha256:8f3cd2e254d8f793e7f3d6d9df77b92252b52637291d0f0da013c76ea2724b6c"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==1.14.0"
        },
        "sqlalchemy": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:64a7b71846db6423807e96820993fa12a03b89127d278290ca25c0b11ed7b4fb"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==1.3.13"
        },
        "tzlocal": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:11c9f16e0a633b4b60e1eede97d8a46340d042e67b670b290ca526576e039048",
                "sha256:949b9dd5ba4be17190a80c0268167d7e6c92c62b30026cf9764caf3e308e5590"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==2.0.0"
        },
        "urllib3": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:2f3db8b19923a873b3e5256dc9c2dedfa883e33d87c690d9c7913e1f40673cdc",
                "sha256:87716c2d2a7121198ebcb7ce7cccf6ce5e9ba539041cfbaeecfb641dc0bf6acc"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==1.25.8"
        },
        "vine": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:133ee6d7a9016f177ddeaf191c1f58421a1dcc6ee9a42c58b34bed40e1d2cd87",
                "sha256:ea4947cc56d1fd6f2095c8d543ee25dad966f78692528e68b4fada11ba3f98af"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==1.3.0"
        },
        "werkzeug": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:169ba8a33788476292d04186ab33b01d6add475033dfc07215e6d219cc077096",
                "sha256:6dc65cf9091cf750012f56f2cad759fa9e879f511b5ff8685e456b4e3bf90d16"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==1.0.0"
        },
        "wtforms": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:0cdbac3e7f6878086c334aa25dc5a33869a3954e9d1e015130d65a69309b3b61",
                "sha256:e3ee092c827582c50877cdbd49e9ce6d2c5c1f6561f849b3b068c1b8029626f1"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
            "version": "==2.2.1"
        },
        "zipp": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:aa36550ff0c0b7ef7fa639055d797116ee891440eac1a56f378e2d3179e0320b",
                "sha256:c599e4d75c98f6798c509911d08a22e6c021d074469042177c8c86fb92eefd96"
            ],
            "version": "==3.1.0"
        }
    },
    "develop": {}
}

好了，说过了pipenv简单使用，我们来谈谈他的缺点，
总结如下：
1.更新已安装过得包的时候，比如flask从1.0.1更新到最新1.1.1，用

pipenv update flask

更新后其相关的依赖都会更新，（一版来说影响不大）
2.卸载一个安装的包uninstall后其相关的依赖不会卸载
需要手动使用 clean 或 sync 命令修正
如想详细了解这一块可以访问这里
这里就不在过多赘述
好了，今天关于pipenv的东西就到这里了

参考博客
拥抱pipenv
不要用 Pipenv