【计算机科学引论 Computing Essentials 2021】【英文原版】【开放性问答题】【第1章】

Computing Essentials 2021

OPEN-ENDED

On a separate sheet of paper, respond to each question or statement.

1. Explain the parts of an information system. What part do people play in this system?

Answer: An information system contains several parts: people, procedures, software, hardware, data, and the Internet. People are end users who use computers to make themselves more productive.

2. What is system software? What kinds of programs are included in system software?

Answer: System software enables the application software to interact with the computer hardware. System software includes Operating systems and Utilities.

3. Define and compare general-purpose applications, specialized applications, and apps. Describe some different types of general-purpose applications. Describe some types of specialized applications.

Answer: General-purpose applications include Word processors, Spreadsheets, Database management systems, and Presentation software. Specialized applications include graphics and web authoring programs. Mobile apps, known simply as apps, are small programs primarily designed for mobile devices such as smartphones and for tablets.

4. Describe the different types of computers. What is the most common type? What are the types of personal computers?

Answer: There are four types of computers: Supercomputers, Mainframe computers, Midrange computers, and Personal computers (PC). The most common type of computers is Personal computers (PC). There are five types of personal computers: Desktops, Laptops, Tablets, Smartphones, and Wearables.

5. What is connectivity? What is a computer network? What are the Internet and the web? What are cloud computing, the wireless revolution, and IoT?

Answer: Connectivity is the capability of your personal computer to share information with other computers. A computer network is a communications system connecting two or more computers. The Internet is the largest network in the world. The Web provides a multimedia interface to the numerous resources available on the Internet. Cloud computing uses the Internet and the web to shift many computer activities from a user’s computer to computers on the Internet. The Wireless revolution is a revolution that will dramatically affect the way we communicate and use computer technology. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the continuing development of the Internet that allows everyday objects embedded with electronic devices to send and receive data over the Internet.